The Ultimate Guide to Indonesia’s Latest Patent Regulation Under the Ministry of Law Regulation No. 6 Year 2026 on Patent Applications - AFFA IPR

インドネシア最新特許規則の完全ガイド:法務大臣規則第6号(2026年)に基づく特許出願制度

インドネシア共和国政府は、特許出願に関する法務大臣規則第6号(2026年)(以下「本規則」)を新たに施行しました。本規則は、知的財産総局(DGIP)における特許出願手続に関する制度を刷新するものであり、特許出願に関する手続的側面を包括的に規律する新たな枠組みを構築しています。 本規則は、インドネシアの特許行政における重要な進展を示すものであり、国家の知的財産制度の効率性、透明性、および法的確実性の向上に向けた政府の継続的な取り組みを反映しています。さらに、本規則は、2016年特許法(法律第13号)を改正する2024年法律第65号(第三次改正)を実施するための施行規則としての役割も担っています。 実務的観点から見ると、本規則はインドネシアにおいて特許ポートフォリオを管理する出願人および実務家にとって重要な手続上の改善および明確化を多数導入しています。特に、新たな規定は、出願手続、必要書類、ならびにDGIPにおける行政手続の各側面について具体的に規律しています。 インドネシアが引き続き技術投資およびイノベーション主導型の活動を積極的に受け入れている中で、これらの規制動向を理解することは、同国において効果的かつ適時に特許保護を取得するために不可欠です。 以下に、本規則の概要をご案内いたします:   出願に必要な最低限の情報および書類要件 本規則第2条は、特許出願の提出にあたり必要とされる最低限の情報を規定しています。その内容は以下のとおりです: a. 出願書の日付(年・月・日) b. 発明者の氏名、完全な住所および国籍 c. 出願人が法人でない場合における、出願人の氏名、完全な住所および国籍 d. 出願人が法人である場合における、出願人の名称および完全な住所 e. 代理人を通じて出願する場合における、代理人の氏名および完全な住所 f. 発明の名称 g. 優先権を主張する場合における、最初の出願国およびその出願日 h. 特許協力条約(PCT)に基づく出願である場合における、PCT番号および国際出願日   さらに、出願は以下の書類を添付する必要があります: a. 発明の名称 b. 発明の詳細な説明(明細書) c. 保護を求める範囲を定める請求項 d. 発明の要約(アブストラクト) e. 発明の理解に必要な場合における図面 f. 登録された知的財産代理人を通じて出願する場合の委任状 g. 出願人が発明者でない場合における権利譲渡証書 h. 出願人が中小企業、教育機関、または政府の研究開発機関に該当する場合における、所轄当局が発行する証明書(※本要件は国内法人に限り適用) i. 発明が微生物に関するものである場合における微生物寄託証明書 j. 発明が遺伝資源および/または伝統的知識に関連する場合における、その出所に関する出願人の声明   各セクションおよび配列表  a. 発明の属する技術分野 本発明が属する技術分野についての説明および解説。  b. 発明の背景 本発明の理解、調査、および審査のために必要な、出願人が認識している技術的背景についての説明。 本セクションでは、当該技術分野における従来技術に関する文献に言及することができ、さらに既存技術と比較した本発明の技術的利点および有用性について説明することも可能です。  c. 発明の概要本発明の実施形態およびその実施方法についての簡潔な説明。d. 図面の簡単な説明 図面を含む場合における、当該図面に関する事項の簡潔な説明。 e. 発明の詳細な説明 本発明を実施するための少なくとも1つの方法についての完全な説明。必要に応じて図面を参照しながら説明することができ、特に発明の性質上、言葉のみでの説明が困難な場合には、産業上の利用可能性や実際の使用方法について明確に記載する必要があります。 f. 配列表 該当する場合、国際基準に準拠した形式で作成された配列表を提出する必要があり、Portable Document Format(PDF)にて提出しなければなりません。   英語およびインドネシア語訳の提出義務 本規則第7条は、特許明細書が英語以外の外国語で作成されている場合、出願人は出願日から30日以内に英語およびインドネシア語の双方の翻訳文を提出しなければならないと規定しています。本提出期限の延長は認められていないため、出願人は期限内に必要な翻訳文を確実に提出することが強く求められます。   国内段階移行期限およびその延長 本規則第37条に基づき、特許協力条約(PCT)に基づいてインドネシアを指定した特許出願は、以下のいずれかの日から起算して31か月以内に、受理官庁としての大臣へ国内段階移行のために提出しなければなりません: 国際出願日 最先の優先日 当該31か月の期限を経過して提出された場合でも、出願人またはその代理人は、法務省における非税収入(PNBP)に関する現行規則に基づく所定の手数料を納付することにより、期限延長が認められる場合があります。 この延長は以下のとおり認められます: 国際出願日から起算した期限満了後、最大3か月の延長 最先の優先日から起算した期限満了後、最大12か月の延長 ただし、これらの延長期間を経過して出願された場合、当該出願は受理されません。   優先権主張出願の期限および延長 PCT出願と同様に、本規則第28条は、優先権を主張する特許出願について期限後の提出を認めています。 優先権を主張する特許出願は、優先日から12か月以内に提出しなければなりません。もっとも、この期間内に出願されなかった場合でも、期限経過後さらに4か月以内であれば出願が可能です。 ただし、この4か月の猶予期間内に出願する場合には、法務省における非税収入(PNBP)に関する規則に基づき、追加の政府手数料の支払いが必要となります。 なお、いかなる場合においても、出願人は優先日から16か月以内に優先権証明書を提出できる状態にある必要があります。   早期公開(加速公開) 現在の公開手続は従来と比較して既に迅速化されていますが、本規則により早期公開(加速公開)の申請が可能となっています。 当該申請は、出願日から最短3か月後に、所定の追加官費を支払うことにより行うことができます。ただし、優先権を伴う特許出願については、この早期公開制度は適用されません。なお、簡易特許(実用新案)については、公開期間自体が非常に短く、14日間とされています。   早期実体審査請求 実体審査の早期請求は、公開段階に入る前であっても、すべての方式要件書類が整っている場合に提出することが可能です。審査官は、公開期間終了後12か月以内に、拒絶または特許付与の判断を行うことが予定されています。もっとも、公開期間中に異議申立てがなされた場合には、審査官にはさらに最大18か月の追加期間が与えられ、最終判断を行うこととなります。   加速実体審査 本規則は、PPH(特許審査ハイウェイ)または地域的枠組み(例:ASPEC)を通じた加速実体審査についても規定しています。当該申請にあたり、出願人は以下の書類を提出する必要があります: 二国間協力に基づく加速実体審査の申請書 クレーム対応表(Claims Correspondence Table) 協力対象国における実体審査結果の写し 当該審査結果において引用された先行技術文献の写し 協力対象国において特許可能と判断されたクレームの写し 関係法令に基づく所定の官費の支払い   実体再審査 本制度は、本規則における最も重要な特徴の一つであり、特許審判委員会への不服申立て(審判)に進む前に、出願人が利用可能な追加的手段を提供するものです。すべての実体再審査請求は審査官による再度の審査対象となり、請求日から12か月以内に判断が下されることとされています。 実体再審査は、以下の場合に請求することが可能です: 出願の拒絶に対する再審査 特許出願が拒絶された場合、出願人は、特に当該発明が特許要件を満たさないと判断された場合において、実体再審査(いわゆるセカンドレビュー)を請求することができます。  当該請求にあたっては、出願番号、拒絶理由、発明者および出願人の情報、再審査請求の理由等を含む所定の申請書を提出しなければなりません。また、書面による説明および関連証拠を添付する必要があります。この請求は、拒絶通知日から9か月以内に行う必要があります。再審査の結果、特許要件を満たしていると判断された場合、当局は出願人に通知を行います。出願人はその後、通知受領日から3か月以内に応答する機会が与えられ、最終判断前に残存する問題点に対応することが可能です。   特許付与後の明細書・請求項・図面の補正 特許付与後、出願人は、明細書、請求項および/または図面の補正を目的として実体再審査を請求することができます。ただし、この再審査は以下のような限定的事項にのみ適用されます: 翻訳誤りの修正 不明確または曖昧な記載の明確化(※発明の範囲を拡張しない範囲に限る) 編集上または誤記の訂正  請求にあたっては、特許番号、出願人・発明者情報、補正理由等を記載した申請書に加え、説明書、証拠書類、および必要に応じて委任状を提出する必要があります。本請求は、特許付与通知日から9か月以内に行わなければなりません。   特許付与決定に対する再審査 特許付与後、出願人は、明細書、請求項、要約および/または図面の変更を目的として、付与決定自体に対する実体再審査を請求することが可能です。ただし、これらの変更は発明の保護範囲を拡張しない範囲に限定されます。 請求には、特許番号、出願人・発明者情報、請求理由等を含む申請書のほか、以下の書類が必要となります: 書面による説明 証拠資料 原特許証 年金納付証明書 必要に応じた委任状  本請求は、特許付与通知日から9か月以内に提出する必要があります。   出願の取下げに対する再審査 特許出願が(第54条および第55条に基づき)取下げられた場合であっても、出願人は当該取下げに対する実体再審査を請求することができます。  請求には、出願番号、取下げ通知の詳細、出願人および発明者の情報、再審査請求の理由等を含む申請書を提出する必要があります。この請求は、取下げ日から2か月以内という非常に短い期間内に行う必要があります。 みなし取下げに対する再審査  方式要件書類の未提出等の理由により、出願がみなし取下げとされた場合でも、再審査手続により当該出願を回復することが可能です。この場合の請求は、みなし取下げ通知日から9か月以内に行わなければなりません。   追加的な法的救済手段 本規則第131条は、再審査という形での追加的な法的救済手段について規定しています。具体的には、以下の決定に対して再審査を求めることが可能です: 審査後の出願の付与/拒絶(第73条) 早期審査後の出願の付与/拒絶(第81条) 簡易特許(実用新案)の付与/拒絶(第90条) さらに、第131条第2項は、上記の決定に対して特許審判委員会へ不服申立てを行う場合の期限について、実体審査、早期実体審査、または再審査の決定日から9か月以内と定めています。   また、審判の結果に不服がある場合には、特許審判委員会の決定日から3か月以内に商事裁判所へ提訴することが可能です。   インドネシアの新しい特許出願規則に関してご不明点がございましたら、下記の連絡先までお気軽にお問い合わせください。15分間の無料相談をご提供しております。   📩 E-Mail : [email protected] 📞 お電話予約  : +62 21 83793812 💬 WhatsApp : +62 812 87000 889   AFFAについて AFFA Intellectual Property Rightsは、1999年に設立されたインドネシア拠点のブティック型知的財産法律事務所です。国際的なブランドおよびイノベーターに対し、インドネシアのダイナミックな知的財産環境において、出願手続、ライセンス、権利行使、商業化に至るまで、包括的なサービスを提供しています。   当事務所はその卓越した実績により高く評価されており、Asia Business Law Journal主催の「Indonesia Law Firm Awards 2025」において「インドネシア最優秀ブティック法律事務所」および「IPエンフォースメント・ファーム」を受賞しています。また、WTR 1000(世界有数の商標専門家ランキング)においても「Recommended Firm 2024 — Indonesia」として掲載されています。   詳細については、以下のウェブサイトをご覧ください:www.affa.co.id

Indonesia New Trademark Registration Rules: Scanned Passport & Article of Association are Now Mandatory for Foreign Applicants - AFFA IPR

インドネシア新商標登録規則:外国出願人に対し、パスポート写しおよび定款の提出が必須に

インドネシア共和国政府は、商標登録に関する規則の改正を内容とする法務大臣規則第5号(2026年)を正式に施行しました。本規則は、従来の法務人権大臣規則第67号(2016年)(その改正を含む)に代わるものであり、現行の法的発展および実務上のニーズに適合しなくなったことを背景としています。 さらに、本規則は、雇用創出法(2023年法律第6号、いわゆるオムニバス法)を実施するものであり、同法により商標および地理的表示に関する法律の複数の規定が改正されています。   本規則の主な改正点 出願要件に関する主な変更は、第2条第4項において規定されており、商標出願に必要な書類が明確化されています。主なポイントは以下のとおりです。 個人出願人:身分証明書/パスポートの提出が必須化 個人出願人の本人確認書類として、以下の書類の提出が必須となりました: 国民身分証明書(KTP) 児童身分証明書(KIA) 一時滞在許可証(KITAS) 永久滞在許可証(KITAP) また、本規則により、KIA(児童身分証明書)が正式な本人確認書類として明確に認められました。 外国出願人については、直接出願であっても代理人を通じた出願であっても、パスポートのスキャン写しの提出が必要となります。 法人出願人:取締役の身分証明書/パスポートおよび定款の提出が必須 出願人が法人(国内外を問わず)の場合、以下の書類の提出が必須となります: 取締役の身分証明書またはパスポートのスキャン写し 会社の定款 優先権主張:認証翻訳の提出が必要 優先権を主張する場合、優先権証明書には、宣誓翻訳者によるインドネシア語訳を添付する必要があります。 本規則の施行により、施行日以降に提出されるすべての商標出願は、新たな要件に従う必要があります。一方、施行前に提出された出願については、従来の規則に基づき引き続き審査されます。   インドネシアにおける商標登録および保護に関する新規則についてご不明点がございましたら、下記の連絡先までお気軽にお問い合わせください。15分間の無料相談をご提供しております。   📩 E-Mail : [email protected] 📞 お電話予約  : +62 21 83793812 💬 WhatsApp : +62 812 87000 889   AFFAについて AFFA Intellectual Property Rightsは、1999年に設立されたインドネシア拠点のブティック型知的財産法律事務所です。国際的なブランドおよびイノベーターに対し、インドネシアのダイナミックな知的財産環境において、出願手続、ライセンス、権利行使、商業化に至るまで、包括的なサービスを提供しています。 当事務所はその卓越した実績により高く評価されており、Asia Business Law Journal主催の「Indonesia Law Firm Awards 2025」において「インドネシア最優秀ブティック法律事務所」および「IPエンフォースメント・ファーム」を受賞しています。また、WTR 1000(世界有数の商標専門家ランキング)においても「Recommended Firm 2024 — Indonesia」として掲載されています。 詳細については、以下のウェブサイトをご覧ください:www.affa.co.id

4 Steps to Prevent Your Industrial Design from Being Copied or Misused in Indonesia - AFFA IPR

4 Steps to Prevent Your Industrial Design from Being Copied or Misused in Indonesia

In business practice, product design often serves as a key differentiator in the market. However, without proper protection, such designs are highly vulnerable to imitation or even being claimed by others. Therefore, both preventive and enforcement strategies are essential to ensure your product design remains legally protected.   Maintain Confidentiality  Keep your design confidential by securely storing evidence of your Industrial Design creation and avoid publishing or commercializing it before registration.  This is critical because novelty is the primary requirement for Industrial Design protection.For a deeper understanding of novelty, refer to our previous article: “The 4 Key Factors that Determine Industrial Design Novelty in Indonesia” File Your Industrial Design Application Promptly  Submit your Industrial Design application to the Directorate General of Intellectual Property (DJKI) as soon as your design is ready—either directly or through a reliable IP Consultant.Why is this important? Because Industrial Design protection follows the first-to-file principle. Without registration, there are no exclusive rights that can be legally enforced. File an Opposition if Necessary  During the registration process, there is a publication period that allows third parties to file objections.If you identify a design that is: Identical; substantially similar; or potentially infringing your rights,  you may file an opposition as a legal measure of protection.This step is crucial to prevent others from obtaining rights over a design that does not rightfully belong to them. Use Proper Legal Agreements in Collaborations  When working with vendors, designers, manufacturers, or business partners, it is essential to have a written agreement (contract) that clearly regulates: Ownership of the design Confidentiality (Non-Disclosure Agreement / NDA) Rights of use and distribution  Without a clear agreement, the risk of future disputes—including unauthorized transfer or claims of ownership—is significantly higher.   If Your Design Has Already Been Copied or Misused You still have legal options to enforce your rights—without immediately going to court. Here are the steps you can take: Gather Evidence of Infringement  Identify and document: The infringing products Proof of sales or distribution Platforms or parties involved  This evidence will form the foundation of your legal enforcement actions. Ensure You Hold a Valid Industrial Design Certificate  The certificate serves as legal proof of ownership.Without it: Your legal position becomes weak Enforcement actions become significantly more difficult  Issue a Legal Warning (Cease and Desist Letter)  A warning can be delivered formally (in writing) or informally (verbally) as an initial step.Its purpose is to: Notify the infringer Open the possibility for resolution without escalating the dispute  Utilize Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR)  If the warning is ineffective, you may proceed with: Mediation Negotiation Arbitration  These methods are generally faster, more cost-efficient, and confidential (unlike court proceedings). Ultimately, protecting your Industrial Design is not solely about registration—it requires a well-planned strategy from the initial stage through to enforcement. Should you have further questions regarding Industrial Design registration and protection in Indonesia, feel free to contact us through the following channels and receive a FREE 15-minute consultation:   📩 E-Mail : [email protected] 📞 Book a Call : +62 21 83793812 💬 WhatsApp : +62 812 87000 889   About AFFA:  Established in 1999, AFFA Intellectual Property Rights is an Indonesia-based boutique IP law firm serving international brands and innovators, offering full-service support—from prosecution and licensing to enforcement and commercialization—in Indonesia’s dynamic IP landscape. Our firm is widely recognized for its excellence, with accolades including “Best Boutique Law Firm in Indonesia” and “IP Enforcement Firm” at the Indonesia Law Firm Awards 2025 by Asia Business Law Journal, as well as being listed as a “Recommended Firm 2024 — Indonesia” by WTR 1000: The World’s Leading Trademark Professionals. For more information, please visit: www.affa.co.id.

Can You Protect Checkered Sarong Designs Under Indonesian IP Law? - AFFA IPR

Can You Protect Checkered Sarong Designs Under Indonesian IP Law?

Sarong fabrics featuring checkered patterns and distinctive color combinations often serve as a unique identity of a particular region or brand. Due to their visual appeal and strong market demand, these designs are frequently commercialized. This raises an important question: can such patterns be protected as exclusive rights in Indonesia, and if so, under which type of Intellectual Property protection?   Available Forms of Protection in Indonesia   Checkered patterns and color combinations on sarongs can be protected under Indonesian Intellectual Property law, depending on how they are created and used. The two most relevant forms of protection are Copyright and Industrial Design.   Protection as Copyright   Under Law No. 28 of 2014 on Copyright, protection is granted to artistic works, including motifs or designs with artistic value.   A sarong pattern may qualify for Copyright protection if it: Is created as an original artistic work; Demonstrates creativity and uniqueness; and Is not merely a common or repetitive pattern widely available in the market.   Examples include: A sarong motif specifically designed by a designer; A pattern with a distinctive composition of lines and colors that reflects strong artistic character.   In this case, the protection applies to the artistic motif itself, not the sarong product.   Protection as Industrial Design   If the pattern is applied to sarongs that are mass-produced and sold commercially, serving as part of the product’s visual appearance and market appeal, then Industrial Design protection is more appropriate.   Under Law No. 31 of 2000 on Industrial Design, the aesthetic appearance of a product—such as compositions of lines and color combinations—can be protected as an Industrial Design.   In this context, the protection covers the appearance of the sarong as a commercial product.   Which Protection Is More Appropriate? Both forms of protection are available, and the choice depends on the intended strategy: Aspect Copyright Industrial Design Object Artistic Work (Motif) Product Appearance Protection Automatic (registration optional but recommended) Must be Registered Requirement Originality Novelty Term Life of the author + 70 years 10 years Business Value More Abstract More Specific & Practical   Can Both Protections Be Used?   Yes. A combined strategy is often the most effective. For example: The original motif created by a designer can be protected under Copyright; Once applied to sarongs and commercialized, the design can also be registered as an Industrial Design.   This approach ensures long-term protection of the artistic work, while also securing strong commercial protection for the product.   However, it is important to ensure that the design is actively used in business, so that the investment in registration or recordation provides real value.   Do you have a unique motif you want to protect? Contact us through the following channels and get a FREE 15-minute consultation:   📩 E-Mail : [email protected] 📞 Book a Call : +62 21 83793812 💬 WhatsApp : +62 812 87000 889   About AFFA:  Established in 1999, AFFA Intellectual Property Rights is an Indonesia-based boutique IP law firm serving international brands and innovators, offering full-service support—from prosecution and licensing to enforcement and commercialization—in Indonesia’s dynamic IP landscape. Our firm is widely recognized for its excellence, with accolades including “Best Boutique Law Firm in Indonesia” and “IP Enforcement Firm” at the Indonesia Law Firm Awards 2025 by Asia Business Law Journal, as well as being listed as a “Recommended Firm 2024 — Indonesia” by WTR 1000: The World’s Leading Trademark Professionals. For more information, please visit: www.affa.co.id.

The Ultimate Guide to Indonesia’s Latest Patent Regulation Under the Ministry of Law Regulation No. 6 Year 2026 on Patent Applications - AFFA IPR

The Ultimate Guide to Indonesia’s Latest Patent Regulation Under the Ministry of Law Regulation No. 6 Year 2026 on Patent Applications

The Government of the Republic of Indonesia has recently enacted the Ministry of Law Regulation No. 6 of 2026 concerning Patent Applications (hereinafter referred to as the “Regulation”), establishing an updated regulatory framework governing the procedural aspects of Patent filings before the Directorate General of Intellectual Property (DGIP). The new regulation represents an important development in Indonesia’s Patent administration, reflecting the government’s continuing efforts to enhance the efficiency, transparency, and legal certainty of the national intellectual property system. Furthermore, the regulation serves as the implementing regulatory framework for the latest amendment to the Patent Law under the Law No. 65 Year 2024 on the Third Amendment of the Law No. 13 Year 2016 on Patents. From a practical perspective, the regulation introduces a number of procedural refinements and clarifications that are relevant to Patent applicants and practitioners managing Patent portfolios in Indonesia. In particular, the new provisions address several aspects of the Patent application process, including filing formalities, supporting documentation, and administrative procedures before the DGIP. As Indonesia continues to attract increasing levels of technological investment and innovation-driven activity, understanding these regulatory developments will be essential for applicants seeking effective and timely Patent protection in the jurisdiction. We herewith provide you with the summary of the Regulation for your perusal:   Minimum Information and Document Requirements for Application Article 2 of the Regulation stipulates the minimum information required for the submission of a Patent application. These requirements include the following: a. the date, month, and year of the Application letter; b. the name, full address, and nationality of the Inventor; c. the name, full address, and nationality of the Applicant, in the event that the Applicant is not a legal entity; d. the name and full address of the Applicant, in the event that the Applicant is a legal entity; e. the name and full address of the Attorney, in the event that the Application is filed through an Attorney; f. the title of the Invention; g. the name of the country and the Filing Date of the first Application, in the event that the Application is filed with a Priority Right; and h. the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) number and the international Filing Date, in the event that the Application is filed based on the Patent Cooperation Treaty.   Furthermore, an application should also be complemented with the following: a. Title of invention; b. Description of the Invention; c. Claims defining the scope of protection sought; d. Abstract of the Invention; e. Drawings, where the Application includes drawings necessary for the understanding of the Invention; f. Power of Attorney, where the Application is filed through a licensed IP attorney/agent; g. Assignment of Rights to the Invention, where the Application is filed by an Applicant who is not the Inventor; h. Certificate confirming the status of a micro or small enterprise, educational institution, or government research and development institution, issued by the competent authority, where the Applicant qualifies under such category – however, this only applies to local entity; i. Certificate of deposit of a microorganism, where the Application relates to a microorganism; and j. Statement from the Applicant regarding the origin of Genetic Resources and/or Traditional Knowledge, where the Invention involves Genetic Resources and/or Traditional Knowledge.   Sub Sections and Sequence Listinga. Field of the Invention A description and explanation of the technical field to which the Invention relates. b. Background of the Invention An explanation of the technical background of the Invention, known to the Applicant, is necessary for understanding, searching, and examining the Invention. This section may also refer to prior documents forming part of the technical background and may include an explanation of the technical advantages and benefits of the Invention compared with existing technologies in the same field. c. Brief Summary of the Invention A concise explanation describing the embodiment of the Invention and how it may be implemented. d. Brief Description of the DrawingsA short explanation of matters relating to the drawings, where the Application includes drawings. e. Detailed Description of the Invention A complete explanation of at least one method of carrying out the Invention. Where appropriate, the description may refer to the accompanying drawings and must explain how the Invention can be applied in industry or used in practice, particularly where the nature of the Invention makes it difficult to describe purely in words. f. Sequence Listing Where applicable, a sequence listing provided in a format compliant with international standards and submitted in Portable Document Format (PDF).   Both English and Indonesian Translations Must Be Submitted Article 7 of the Regulation stipulates that in the event that the Patent description is written in foreign languages other than English, the applicant will still be required to provide the English AND Indonesian translations within 30 days from the date of application. There is no extension of time for this submission, and we encourage the applicants to provide the required translations within the deadline.    National Phase Entry Deadline and Extension Under Article 37 of the Regulation, a Patent application filed under the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) designating Indonesia must be submitted to the Minister as the receiving authority for the national phase entry within a period of no later than 31 (thirty-one) months, calculated from: a. the international filing date; or b. the earliest priority date.   Where an application is submitted after the 31-month time limit, the applicant or their authorized representative may be granted an extension for filing the application, subject to the payment of the applicable fee in accordance with the prevailing regulations governing Non-Tax State Revenue (PNBP) within the Ministry of Law. The extension of time referred to above may be granted for a maximum period of 3 (three) months from the expiration of the filing deadline, calculated from the international filing date. Furthermore, an extension may be granted for a maximum period of 12 (twelve) months from the expiration of the filing deadline, calculated from the earliest priority date. If the application is filed beyond the extension periods…

Understanding Intellectual Property in a Single Hamper - AFFA IPR

Understanding Intellectual Property in a Single Hamper

As the festive season approaches, markets and shopping centers are filled with a wide variety of attractive hampers. These gift sets typically include a combination of food, beverages, and handicraft items, packaged exclusively for family members, business partners, or associates.   However, within a single hamper gift, various types of Intellectual Property (IP) are embedded in each element. Understanding this is essential, particularly for business owners who aim to enhance their business value while also legally protecting their products.   Trademark  This is likely the type of IP you are most familiar with. As an identifier for a product, a Trademark provides a unique, easily recognizable name or logo. From the name or logo, consumers can form impressions about taste, quality, and even price range, as Trademarks are closely linked to a product’s branding. If your product’s Trademark has been registered, it is protected for 10 years from the filing date and can be renewed every 10 years thereafter. Industrial Design  Beyond the name, attention is often drawn to the unique packaging that wraps these products. From ribbon designs, packaging bags, to boxes with distinctive folds, these elements can be protected as Industrial Designs. The main requirement for registration is novelty. In many cases, unique packaging design becomes a key differentiator in the market, sometimes even more influential than the product itself. Once registered, an Industrial Design is protected for 10 years and cannot be renewed. Copyright  On product packaging, we often find popular characters, photographs, or unique illustrations that are protected under Copyright. Copyright protection arises automatically once a work is created, without the need for registration. However, recordation is still recommended to strengthen proof of ownership and facilitate enforcement in case of disputes. In general, Copyright protection lasts for the creator’s lifetime plus 70 years. Trade Secret  Do your hampers include delicious, long-lasting chocolates, exceptionally tasty cookies, or other distinctive food and beverages? These products may rely on recipes known only to certain individuals and are protected as Trade Secrets. Trade Secrets do not require registration with the government, including the Directorate General of Intellectual Property (DJKI). Protection is maintained through confidentiality agreements between relevant parties. Such agreements also regulate sanctions in the event of unauthorized disclosure. Geographical Indication  If your hampers include products such as Gayo Coffee, Salak Pondoh, Kerinci Cinnamon, or Sikka Ikat Weaving, these are also forms of protected Intellectual Property. As Geographical Indications, these products represent qualities and reputations tied to their place of origin. Ownership is not granted to individuals but to institutions representing the local community, as well as regional or local governments. With Geographical Indication protection, these products gain higher market value, stronger regional branding, and broader export opportunities.   Interestingly, these various types of IP do not have to exist separately across different products. In many cases, a single product may simultaneously contain a Trademark, Industrial Design, and Trade Secret.   The key lies in how we analyze and leverage this information as a source of business inspiration moving forward.   By owning Intellectual Property, businesses gain valuable intangible assets that enhance business value, provide legal protection, enable monetization, and strengthen competitiveness in the market.   Should you have further questions regarding the registration and protection of Intellectual Property in Indonesia or internationally, feel free to contact us through the following channels and get a FREE 15-minute consultation:   📩 E-Mail : [email protected] 📞 Book a Call : +62 21 83793812 💬 WhatsApp : +62 812 87000 889   About AFFA:  Established in 1999, AFFA Intellectual Property Rights is an Indonesia-based boutique IP law firm serving international brands and innovators, offering full-service support—from prosecution and licensing to enforcement and commercialization—in Indonesia’s dynamic IP landscape. Our firm is widely recognized for its excellence, with accolades including “Best Boutique Law Firm in Indonesia” and “IP Enforcement Firm” at the Indonesia Law Firm Awards 2025 by Asia Business Law Journal, as well as being listed as a “Recommended Firm 2024 — Indonesia” by WTR 1000: The World’s Leading Trademark Professionals. For more information, please visit: www.affa.co.id.

Absolute Grounds for Trademark Refusal in Indonesia: Morality, Public Order & Descriptiveness - AFFA IPR

Absolute Grounds for Trademark Refusal in Indonesia: Morality, Public Order & Descriptiveness

Many business owners assume that as long as a name or logo has not been used by another party, it can be registered as a Trademark without any issue. In practice, however, during the examination process at the Indonesian Trademark Office (DGIP), there are several reasons why a Trademark Application may be rejected outright—even without considering whether there is an identical or similar Trademark owned by another party.   These reasons are known as “absolute grounds for refusal,” as stipulated in Article 20 of Law No. 20 of 2016 on Trademarks and Geographical Indications.   Rejected Without Comparing Other Trademarks   Absolute grounds for refusal relate to the substance of the Trademark itself, rather than conflicts with existing Trademarks. In practice, the most common reasons include:   Being contrary to morality Being contrary to public order Being descriptive of the goods or services   Understanding these three aspects is crucial so that business owners can avoid rejection from the very beginning.     Trademarks Contrary to Morality   One of the most fundamental reasons for rejecting a Trademark is when the sign is considered to violate societal norms of decency or morality.   This may include the use of words, images, or symbols that: Contain pornographic elements Insult or demean certain groups Include vulgar or inappropriate language Potentially offend cultural or religious values   The purpose of this rule is to ensure that the trademark registration system does not grant legal protection to signs that may harm social values within society.   Examples include: Names containing vulgar expressions Logos depicting symbols that may insult certain beliefs   Even if a sign may be considered creative from a marketing perspective, if it is deemed to violate public moral standards, the Trademark Application will most likely be rejected.     Trademarks Contrary to Public Order   In addition to morality concerns, DGIP may also reject signs considered to be contrary to public order.   Public order relates to the broader interests of society and social stability. Therefore, Trademarks containing the following elements may be refused:   The use of state symbols without authorization Unauthorized use of symbols of international organizations Elements that may provoke social or political conflict Signs that mislead the public regarding official authority or status   For example, the use of national emblems, national flags, or official government symbols in a Trademark is generally not allowed without special permission.   The reason is simple: the public may assume that the product has an official connection with a government institution or authority, when in fact it does not.     Descriptive Trademarks   Another very common reason for Trademark refusal is when the sign is descriptive.   A Trademark is considered descriptive when it directly describes: the type of goods or services the quality of the product the function of the product the characteristics of the product the geographical origin of the product   For example: The term “DELICIOUS COFFEE” for coffee products The term “FRESH” for beverages The term “SUPER FAST DELIVERY” for courier services   The problem with descriptive Trademarks is that such terms must remain available for use by other businesses to describe their own products.   If these common terms were granted exclusive rights to one party, other businesses would face difficulties describing their products fairly in the marketplace.   Therefore, Indonesian Trademark Law requires that a Trademark must possess distinctiveness in order to be registered.   Why Understanding Absolute Grounds for Refusal Matters   By analyzing these three grounds for refusal, you can not only minimize the risk of rejection but also gain several advantages:   The registration process can proceed more efficiently The risk of losing the registration fees can be minimized Your branding strategy can continue according to plan   Should you have further questions regarding the absolute grounds for refusal in Trademark registration in Indonesia or abroad, feel free to contact us through the following channels and receive a FREE 15-minute consultation.   📩 E-Mail : [email protected] 📞 Book a Call : +62 21 83793812 💬 WhatsApp : +62 812 87000 889   About AFFA:  Established in 1999, AFFA Intellectual Property Rights is an Indonesia-based boutique IP law firm serving international brands and innovators, offering full-service support—from prosecution and licensing to enforcement and commercialization—in Indonesia’s dynamic IP landscape. Our firm is widely recognized for its excellence, with accolades including “Best Boutique Law Firm in Indonesia” and “IP Enforcement Firm” at the Indonesia Law Firm Awards 2025 by Asia Business Law Journal, as well as being listed as a “Recommended Firm 2024 — Indonesia” by WTR 1000: The World’s Leading Trademark Professionals. For more information, please visit: www.affa.co.id.

Add More Classes or Register a New Trademark? Which Strategy Is Right for Your Business? - AFFA IPR

Add More Classes or Register a New Trademark? Which Strategy Is Right for Your Business?

In an ever-evolving business environment, companies often expand their product lines or enter new business sectors. At this stage, an important question frequently arises: “Is it sufficient to extend Trademark protection by adding more classes, or is it better to register a new Trademark?” Understanding the difference between these strategies is crucial because the decision will affect the scope of legal protection, branding strategy, and future registration costs.   Understanding the Trademark Class System In Trademark registration, each application is filed for specific goods or services, which are categorized under the international classification system known as the Nice Classification. For example: Class 25: clothing Class 30: food products such as coffee or biscuits Class 35: trading or retail services Class 43: restaurant or café services If a business uses the same Trademark name across different types of goods or services, its protection can be extended by registering the Trademark in all relevant classes. However, in practice, not every business expansion should rely solely on this strategy. Related article: One Product with Multiple Trademarks: A Smart Protection Strategy or Simply Overkill?   3 Reasons Why Adding Classes May Be More Appropriate Expanding the classes of an existing Trademark is generally more appropriate when the brand identity remains the same and is consistently used across different products or services. Here are several common situations: Expanding Products Under the Same Trademark If a company expands its product line while still using the same Trademark name, adding classes becomes a logical choice. Example: A company owns the Trademark “NUSACOFFEE”, registered for coffee in Class 30. Later, the company begins selling: packaged coffee beans ready-to-drink coffee beverages coffee capsules In this case, Trademark protection can simply be expanded to the relevant classes without creating a new Trademark. A Strong and Well-Known Trademark If a Trademark is already widely recognized in the market, maintaining one consistent brand identity across related product categories can be an effective branding strategy. Example: An electronics company using the same Trademark for products such as: headphones speakers other audio devices In such situations, adding classes can strengthen the protection of an already reputable Trademark. Expanding into Related Services Many businesses initially sell products and later expand into related services. Example: a cosmetics manufacturer opening beauty treatment services a coffee producer opening a coffee shop In such cases, registering the Trademark in additional service classes can extend protection without creating a new brand.   5 Reasons Why Registering a New Trademark May Be the Better Choice On the other hand, there are many situations where registering a new Trademark is the more appropriate strategy rather than simply adding more classes. Different Target Markets If a new product targets a different consumer segment, using the same Trademark may not be effective. Example: A company with an energy drink brand targeting young consumers may want to enter the premium health beverage market aimed at adults. In this situation, a new Trademark may help build a distinct brand identity. Significant Differences in Product Characteristics Products that are fundamentally different often require different branding strategies. Example: A technology company may have a main Trademark for hardware products, but when launching a subscription-based software service, it may choose a new Trademark to create clearer market positioning. Multi-Brand Strategy Many large companies deliberately adopt a multi-brand strategy to reach different market segments. Example: A single company may own several Trademarks within the same product category but with different positioning, such as: premium brand mid-range brand budget brand This strategy allows companies to avoid conflicts in brand image across products. Reducing Risk if One Brand Faces Problems Using one Trademark across too many product categories may increase business risk. If one day: a legal dispute arises the brand’s reputation declines a product faces quality issues the negative impact could spread to all product lines. Having separate Trademarks allows companies to isolate and manage such risks more effectively. Collaboration or New Sub-Brands If a new product is developed in collaboration with another party or launched as a special project, using a new Trademark may be more appropriate. This approach makes it easier to manage: Trademark ownership licensing agreements long-term brand management.   Or Combine Both Strategies In modern business practice, many companies do not rely on only one strategy. Instead, they combine both approaches. For example, maintaining a master brand while introducing sub-brands or new Trademarks for specific products. With this approach, companies can: preserve the strength of the main brand while building more specific product identities. Ultimately, the decision between adding classes or registering a new Trademark should not be based solely on administrative considerations. It should also take into account the company’s long-term business and branding strategy. Should you need more information regarding Trademark registration strategies in Indonesia or internationally, feel free to contact us through the following channels and receive a FREE 15-minute consultation.   📩 E-Mail : [email protected] 📞 Book a Call : +62 21 83793812 💬 WhatsApp : +62 812 87000 889   About AFFA:  Established in 1999, AFFA Intellectual Property Rights is an Indonesia-based boutique IP law firm serving international brands and innovators, offering full-service support—from prosecution and licensing to enforcement and commercialization—in Indonesia’s dynamic IP landscape. Our firm is widely recognized for its excellence, with accolades including “Best Boutique Law Firm in Indonesia” and “IP Enforcement Firm” at the Indonesia Law Firm Awards 2025 by Asia Business Law Journal, as well as being listed as a “Recommended Firm 2024 — Indonesia” by WTR 1000: The World’s Leading Trademark Professionals. For more information, please visit: www.affa.co.id.

How Does Indonesia Stand in the Latest USTR “Notorious Markets” Report? - AFFA IPR

How Does Indonesia Stand in the Latest USTR “Notorious Markets” Report?

Every year, the Office of the United States Trade Representative (USTR) publishes the “Review of Notorious Markets for Counterfeiting and Piracy,” a report containing findings on various online and physical markets around the world that are suspected of facilitating large-scale Trademark counterfeiting and Copyright piracy. The primary purpose of this report is to encourage governments, industry stakeholders, and platform operators worldwide to strengthen their efforts in preventing intellectual property violations, while also raising public awareness about the negative impact of piracy and counterfeit goods on the global economy. In the latest 2025 Notorious Markets List (NML), released on March 3, 2026, USTR identified 37 online markets and 32 physical markets that are considered to have significant levels of intellectual property infringement activity. So, where does Indonesia stand in this latest report?   Sports Broadcasting Piracy and the Digital Ecosystem Become Major Concerns Many people may still be unaware that sports broadcasts, just like films or television series, are protected by Copyright. This means that broadcasting or distributing such content across various platforms without authorization and without paying the required licensing fees for broadcasting rights constitutes Copyright infringement. For those aware of this, it may already be apparent that major global sporting events, such as MotoGP or the FIFA World Cup, are becoming increasingly difficult to watch without subscribing to specific platforms. This situation arises because Copyright owners or rights holders for sports broadcasts set substantial licensing fees for these events. According to USTR, the global valuation of sports broadcasting rights reached approximately USD 62.6 billion in 2024. As a result, any unauthorized “leak” or illegal streaming of such broadcasts is considered to cause significant economic losses to the global entertainment industry, making piracy of sports content a serious threat to both the creative industry and the broadcasting business model.   The report also highlights how the modern digital ecosystem—including hosting providers, streaming platforms, cyberlockers, and online advertising networks—can become channels for distributing pirated content if they lack adequate monitoring and complaint mechanisms.   E-Commerce and Social Media Become Key Channels for Counterfeit Goods Another important finding in the report is the shift in counterfeit goods distribution from physical markets to digital platforms, particularly through: e-commerce marketplaces social commerce platforms influencer marketing misleading digital advertisements Intellectual property rights holders have reported that fake advertisements and influencer promotions on social media are increasingly being used to direct consumers to counterfeit or pirated products. However, the report also notes that several digital platforms have begun adopting stronger anti-counterfeiting policies, such as: seller identity verification faster notice-and-takedown systems automated detection tools for counterfeit products enhanced cooperation with rights holders and law enforcement authorities These measures are considered essential to creating a safer digital commerce ecosystem for both consumers and Trademark owners.   What About Indonesia? In previous editions of the report, Indonesia had been highlighted due to the circulation of counterfeit goods in both physical markets and e-commerce platforms. In the latest report, however, the spotlight is primarily on physical markets, while Indonesian e-commerce platforms are no longer a major focus of concern. This may indicate that improvements made by the Indonesian government, digital platforms, and Trademark owners are beginning to show positive results, particularly in: strengthening anti-counterfeiting policies within marketplaces cooperation with Trademark owners mechanisms for removing infringing product listings increasing public awareness of counterfeit products Although challenges in intellectual property enforcement remain, the reduced scrutiny of Indonesia’s e-commerce sector in the latest report represents a significant development.   What Steps Can Be Taken Next? For businesses—especially those engaged in international trade—reports such as the Notorious Markets List carry several important implications: They indicate the level of intellectual property infringement risk in certain markets or countries, helping businesses plan preventive measures and Trademark protection strategies. They influence the perception of investors and international trading partners, as countries with higher infringement risks may find it harder to attract investment. They encourage greater compliance and monitoring by digital platforms, since intellectual property violations in one country or region are increasingly monitored on a global scale.   Should you have questions regarding the latest USTR Notorious Markets report or about trademark protection in Indonesia and abroad, please contact us through the following channels and receive a FREE 15-minute consultation:   📩 E-Mail : [email protected] 📞 Book a Call : +62 21 83793812 💬 WhatsApp : +62 812 87000 889   Source: USTR “Notorious Markets” 2025   About AFFA:  Established in 1999, AFFA Intellectual Property Rights is an Indonesia-based boutique IP law firm serving international brands and innovators, offering full-service support—from prosecution and licensing to enforcement and commercialization—in Indonesia’s dynamic IP landscape. Our firm is widely recognized for its excellence, with accolades including “Best Boutique Law Firm in Indonesia” and “IP Enforcement Firm” at the Indonesia Law Firm Awards 2025 by Asia Business Law Journal, as well as being listed as a “Recommended Firm 2024 — Indonesia” by WTR 1000: The World’s Leading Trademark Professionals. For more information, please visit: www.affa.co.id.

Indonesia New Trademark Registration Rules: Scanned Passport & Article of Association are Now Mandatory for Foreign Applicants - AFFA IPR

Indonesia New Trademark Registration Rules: Scanned Passport & Article of Association are Now Mandatory for Foreign Applicants

The Government of the Republic of Indonesia has officially enacted Minister of Law Regulation (Permenkum) No. 5 of 2026, which introduces updates to the regulations governing Trademark registration in Indonesia. This regulation replaces Minister of Law and Human Rights Regulation No. 67 of 2016 (including its amendments), which is considered no longer aligned with current legal developments and practical needs. Furthermore, this new regulation implements Law No. 6 of 2023 on Job Creation (UU Cipta Kerja), which amended several provisions of the Trademark and Geographical Indications Law.   What’s New in This Regulation? Many of the general changes to application requirements are set out in Article 2, Paragraph (4), which regulates the required documents for Trademark applications. The key updates include: Identity Card/ Passport Becomes a Mandatory Document For applicant identification documents, the following are now mandatory for individual applicants: National Identity Card (KTP) Child Identity Card (KIA) Limited Stay Permit Card (KITAS) Permanent Stay Permit Card (KITAP) The new regulation also explicitly recognizes the KIA as a valid form of identification.For foreign applicants, whether filing directly or through an attorney, a scanned copy of the passport must be submitted. Director’s Identity Card/ Passport and Article of Association Required for Corporate Applicants If the applicant is a legal entity or company, whether domestic or foreign, the following documents are now mandatory: A scanned copy of the director’s Identity card/ passport, and The articles of association of the company. Certified Translation for Priority Rights If an application claims Priority Rights, the priority document must be accompanied by an Indonesian translation prepared by a sworn translator. With the enactment of this regulation, all Trademark applications filed after the regulation’s promulgation date must comply with these new requirements. Applications submitted before the regulation came into effect will continue to be processed under the previous rules.   Should you have questions regarding the new regulations on Trademark registration and protection in Indonesia, please contact us through the channels below and receive a free 15-minute consultation:   📩 E-Mail : [email protected] 📞 Book a Call : +62 21 83793812 💬 WhatsApp : +62 812 87000 889   About AFFA:  Established in 1999, AFFA Intellectual Property Rights is an Indonesia-based boutique IP law firm serving international brands and innovators, offering full-service support—from prosecution and licensing to enforcement and commercialization—in Indonesia’s dynamic IP landscape. Our firm is widely recognized for its excellence, with accolades including “Best Boutique Law Firm in Indonesia” and “IP Enforcement Firm” at the Indonesia Law Firm Awards 2025 by Asia Business Law Journal, as well as being listed as a “Recommended Firm 2024 — Indonesia” by WTR 1000: The World’s Leading Trademark Professionals. For more information, please visit: www.affa.co.id.