A-Comprehensive-Trademark-Registration-Guide-for-Indonesian-Companies-in-Thailand-affa

A Comprehensive Trademark Registration Guide for Indonesian Companies in Thailand

Thailand is a crucial partner for Indonesian businesses, with bilateral trade between the two nations exceeding $18 billion in 2020. As the second-largest economy in Southeast Asia, Thailand offers Indonesian companies access to a sizable consumer market of over 69 million people. Its strategic location within the ASEAN region provides a gateway for Indonesian exports, making Thailand a pivotal trade partner.   Moreover, Thailand’s investor-friendly policies have attracted over 600 Indonesian companies, highlighting its appeal as a destination for Indonesian investments. This economic synergy, along with trade agreements and a well-established infrastructure, underscores Thailand’s significance for Indonesian businesses aiming to expand their reach in Southeast Asia and beyond.   Why Register Your Trademark in Thailand? Registering a Trademark is one of the first things to be done to establish effective protection in Thailand or internationally. An unregistered sign, logo, or name will not receive the same rights and status as a registered mark. Since Thailand adopted a first-to-file Trademark system, a Trademark may be at risk of being taken by other competitors if not registered in time.   Trademark According to Trademark Act B.E. 2534 in Thailand A Trademark is a mark that identifies the origin of the goods or services and can be distinguished from other Trademark owners. The mark may be a name, drawing, logo, word, letter, combination of colors, or a combination of several of these elements.   A Trademark is a mark used for a product and it is an indication that the product with such a Trademark is different from products of other Trademarks. A Service Trademark is a mark used for a service and is an indication the service with such a service mark is different from services of other service marks. A Certificate Mark is a mark used by the owner to certify the origin, composition, method of production or characteristics of the goods or services of another person. A Collective Mark is a Trademark or service mark used by companies or enterprises of the same group or by members of an association, cooperative, union, state, or private organization.   Trademarks consisting of certain characteristics are forbidden under the Trademark Act. These characteristics include: Any mark contrary to public order, moral, or public policy; Marks that are identical to marks prescribed by Ministerial notifications; National flags or emblems of Thailand, royal standard flags, national flags and emblems of foreign states or international organizations; Royal names or monograms; or Marks that are similar to medals, diplomas, or certificates issued by the Thai government or Thai government agency.   How do you register a Trademark in Thailand? Trademarks are registered with the Department of Intellectual Property (DIP). Applicants must have a fixed address in Thailand. Non-residents can only register by appointing a legal representative with a fixed address in Thailand.   Filing an Application An application must be submitted to DIP. The registrar will notify the applicant or its representative of the result of the Trademark Examination within 12 to 18 months. If the application is deemed by the registrar to be registerable, the Trademark will be published for a 60-day period to make sure there is no third-party opposition. If the registrar deems the Trademark unregistrable, a rejection notification will be provided along with a reason for the basis of that rejection.   Trademark Application Timeline The entire process takes about 1 year from the date of filing to obtaining the certificate, presuming there is no office action or request for amendment of the application. However, the Trademark protection period begins on the days of submission of the application for 10 years and may be renewed.   Priority Claim A priority claim is when an application is filed for the first time in one country, and the applicant would like to retain a right of priority to the date of first filing applications for other countries. To claim priority, an application must be filed in Thailand within 6 months from the first foreign filing date (priority date).   Required Documents for Priority Claim The original certified copy of the foreign application (issued by the foreign Trademark Office); The statement asserts that the former application has not been abandoned or withdrawn (original required).    A priority claim application must be submitted in Thai language at the time of the filing. Late filing of these documents is possible upon request, and 60 days from the date of filing is allowed for late submission of documents.   Renewals A registered Trademark may be renewed. A request for renewal can be filed 3 months before the expiration date of that Trademark. Late renewal is possible within the 6 months from the expiration date. The late renewal period of 6 months is also known as the grace period, and a penalty of 20% of the official fees must be paid.   Fast-Track Applications Thailand Department of Intellectual Property introduced a new fast-track system for Trademark renewals and registration while the official fees remain the same. Fast-Track Renewal can be shortened from 60 days to 60 minutes, applicable for renewal requests for Trademarks of no more than 30 items of goods and services, and under the condition that there are no changes to those items. For Fast-Track Registration, the Trademark Examination period can be shortened from around 12 months to around 6 months. Two conditions must be fulfilled to accelerate Trademark examination under this system: The application is filed for no more than 10 items of goods and services and the items must be obtained from DIP’s list.  The application must not be amended after filing.   Trademark Assignment Assigning or inheriting a Trademark must be registered with the registrar of the DIP. It may be an assignment of a Trademark Application or a Registered Trademark, or an assignment of specific classes or items.   Required Documents for Trademark Assignment Copy of the assignor and assignee’s national ID card or other ID card issued by a governmental agency. Copy of the assignor and assignee’s passport in case of a…

特许人在印度尼西亚开展业务前应满足的7个条件-affa

特许人在印度尼西亚开展业务前应满足的7个条件

知识产权在特许经营业务中发挥着重要作用,在印度尼西亚,特许经营称为 “Waralaba”。“该特许经营商标注册了吗?”这个问题对授予特许者(特许人)非常重要,它是检验商标有效性的首要问题。   从投资者(加盟商)的角度来看,在印尼经营特许经营业务似乎很有前景。因为我们得到了快速投资回报率的“自动经营” 业务的承诺!   只需投入一些资金,收入就会源源不断,这归功于我们获得的特许经营权。 特许经营的提议如雨后春笋般涌现,在各种特许经营展览会上,很容易就能找到诱人的商业提案,包括由知名艺术家支持的新公司的提案。   但要考虑的是,我们所关注的公司所提供的业务值得称为特许经营吗?   假冒特许经营商会有什么法律后果吗?   特许经营的定义 根据《印度尼西亚共和国政府条例》(2007 年第 42 号,关于特许经营)第 1 条和《印度尼西亚共和国贸易部长条例》(2019 年第 71 号,关于实施特许经营)第 1 条,特许经营是指个人或企业实体对具有商业特征的商业系统所拥有的特殊权利,目的是销售成功的商品和/或服务,其他各方可根据特许经营协议利用和/或使用这些商品和/或服务。   特许经营必须满足的 7 项标准 《政府条例》第 3 条 2017年底42号关于特许经营以及《贸易部长条例》第 10 条 2019年第71号关于实施特许经营规定了具有特许经营概念的企业必须满足的明确标准,具体如下:   1.      具有商业特色 鲜明特点的企业,是指与其他同类企业相比,具有不易被模仿的优势或差异,并使消费者青睐这些特点的企业。例如,特许经营人(特许人)特有的管理系统、销售和服务方法,或结构或分销方法。 2.      盈利证明 该证明指特许人在经营过程中积累大约 5 年的经验,并掌握了克服困难的经营诀窍,从而实现继续生存和发展,并实现盈利。   3.      以书面形式制定所提供商品和/或服务的服务标准 这项规定要求特许经营公司制定 SOP(Standard Operational Procedure标准操作程序),以便加盟商在统一框架内开展业务。 因此,若不具备 SOP,就不能称之为特许经营。   4.      易于教学和应用 特许经营业务的好处在于,没有类似业务经验或知识的加盟商可以根据特许人提供的持续经营和管理指导很好地开展业务   5.      持续支持 此外,特许人不应袖手旁观,因为它有义务不断向加盟商提供经营指导、培训和宣传。   6.      已注册的知识产权 确保您审查的特许经营公司已注册与业务相关的知识产权,如商标、版权、专利和商业秘密,并提供证书所有权证明,或正在授权机构进行注册,具体指印度尼西亚共和国法律和人权部知识产权总局(DJKI)。   7.      拥有STPW(特许经营注册证书) 《贸易部长条例》第 10 条第 71号2019年要求特许人机加盟商拥有 STPW。 要获得本STPW,特许人必须有特许经营招股说明书,否则特许人加盟商之间不得签订特许经营协议。 注意,若将来特许人的知识产权(IPR)注册未获批准或过期,STPW 将失效。   因此,鉴于知识产权在特许经营业务中的重要性,必须一开始就提出“您的企业是否已在知识产权总局(DJKI)注册商标?”的问题。   在辨别假冒特许经营权时,注意以下一些重要事项:   真正的特许经营不会承诺自动经营 印度尼西亚特许经营协会(AFI)主席阿南–苏坎达尔(Anang Sukandar)在组织国际特许经营展览会时警告说:“我们不应被敷衍了事的方法所迷惑。在生意场上,不会自动经营。自动驾驶只存在于航空领域,在商业领域不存在。” 因此,千万不要以为特许经营企业就像投资黄金一样,不按照经营流程就能持续上涨。 因为你可能被当作猎物,这样特许人就可以在将来亏损时逃脱惩罚。 例如,说明你所处的位置并不有利。   印度尼西亚特许经营支持国内生产 不要被以销售进口原材料为主要吸引力的特许经营店所诱惑。 因为《特许经营条例》第 9 条规定,只要符合特许人书面规定的商品和/或服务质量标准,特许人和加盟商应优先使用国产商品和/或服务。                                                                                                     通过更好地了解特许经营业务的复杂性,在选择特许经营业务时就会更多选项。 看似非常诱人的商业提议可能只是合伙提议,并不符合印度尼西亚共和国政府的《特许经营条例》。   注意,使用不符合上述标准的 “特许经营 “可能会受到行政处罚,应根据法律法规的规定,推荐发证官员吊销营业执照和/或经营/商业执照。 换句话说,您付出的巨额投资最终可能会亏损,不是因为缺少买家,而是因为忽略了对特许经营强制要求的检测。   如需更多有关印度尼西亚或全球特许经营的信息和帮助,请通过以下方式联系我们[email protected]. 来源: 政府条例 2007 年第 42 号关于特许经营 贸易部长条例 2019年第71号关于实施特许经营

7-Things-That-A-Real-Franchise-Should-Have-in-Indonesia-affa

7 Things That A Real Franchise Should Have in Indonesia

Intellectual Property Rights have an essential role in the Franchise business in Indonesia. The question “Does your Franchise already register your Trademark?” becomes very relevant to test its legitimacy as an initial question to the Franchisor.   Running a Franchise business in Indonesia, from an investor’s point of view or as a Franchisee, at first glance, looks promising because we are promised an “auto-pilot” business with a quick return on investment!   Without a million-dollar investment, you will have continuous cash flow in returns with the help of the big name of the Franchise that we take. Franchise offers are increasing, including at various Franchise exhibitions. We can easily find lucrative business proposals from new companies with well-known artists behind them.   However, we need to pay attention to whether the business offered by the companies we aim for is worthy of being called a Franchise.   Are there any legal consequences for fake Franchise businesses?   Definition of Franchise in Indonesia According to Article 1 of the Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 42 of 2007 concerning Franchising and Regulation of the Minister of Trade of the Republic of Indonesia Number 71 of 2019 concerning the Implementation of Franchising, what is meant by Franchising is a Special Right owned by an individual or business entity towards a business system with business characteristics, to market goods and/or services that HAVE PROVEN SUCCESS and can be utilized and/or used by other parties based on the Franchise Agreement.   7 Criteria that Franchisees Must Fulfill Article 3 Government Regulation No. 42 of 2007 concerning Franchising and Article 10 of the Minister of Trade Regulation No. 71 of 2019 concerning the Implementation of Franchises provides clear criteria regarding things that must be fulfilled by businesses that use the Franchise concept, as follows:   1.      Has Distinctive Business Characteristics Businesses with distinctive characteristics have advantages or differences that are not easily imitated compared to similar companies, making consumers always look for those characteristics. For example, the Franchisor’s unique characteristics are management systems, sales and service methods, or arrangement or distribution methods.   2.      Proven to Provide Benefits This evidence refers to the experience of the Franchisor, who has been running for approximately 5 (five) years. It already has business tips for overcoming problems in its business so that it can continue to survive, grow, and be profitable. 3.      Has Service Standards for the Goods and/or Services Offered which are Made in Writing This rule requires a Franchise to have a certain Standard Operational Procedure (SOP) so that the Franchisee can carry out business within a clear and the same framework. Therefore, it is only a Franchise if it is equipped with SOP. 4.      Easy to Teach and Apply The pleasant thing about the Franchise business is that Franchisees who do not have experience or knowledge of similar businesses can carry it out well through the Franchisor’s continuous operational and management guidance. 5.      Provide Continuous Support Apart from point number four, the Franchisor must be very helpful because it must continuously provide operational guidance, training, and promotions to the Franchisee. 6.      Registered Intellectual Property Rights Make sure that the Franchise you are seeking has registered Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) related to the business, such as Trademarks, Copyrights, Patents, or Trade Secrets, with proof of certificate ownership or is in the process of registering with the authorized agency in this case, the Directorate General of Intellectual Property (DGIP), Ministry of Law and Human Rights of the Republic of Indonesia. 7.      Has an STPW (Franchise Registration Certificate) Article 10 Regulation of the Minister of Trade of the Republic of Indonesia No. 71 of 2019 requires Franchisors and Franchisees to have STPW. To obtain this STPW, the Franchisor must have a Franchise Offer Prospectus, because without it a Franchise Agreement cannot be made between the Franchisor and the Franchisee.   It should also be noted that the STPW is declared invalid if in the future the registration of IPR (eg. Trademark) by the Franchisor is not approved or the validity period of the IPR expires.   Therefore, given the importance of Intellectual Property in a Franchise business, the question “Does your Franchise already register your Trademark?” must be asked from the start.   Furthermore, some essential things that you should also pay attention to when sorting out fake Franchises are:   True Franchises Don’t Promise Auto-Pilot At the recent international Franchise exhibitions, Chairman of the Indonesian Franchise Association (AFI) Anang Sukandar warned, “We should not be lulled into instant ways. In business, you can’t have auto-pilot business. Auto-pilot only exists in the world of aviation, not in business.” So don’t ever think that a Franchise business is like investing in gold, which can continue to rise without following the business process. If your Franchisor is offered that way, perhaps you are being used as prey, and the Franchisor can be irresponsible when you lose money in the future, for example, by giving reasons that your location is not in a profitable area.   Indonesian Franchise Supports Domestic Production Take your time to be tempted by Franchises that sell imported raw materials as their main attraction. Article 9 of the Government Regulation concerning Franchising states that the Franchisor and the Franchisee prioritize using domestically produced goods and/or services as long as they meet the quality standards of goods and/or services stipulated in writing by the Franchisor.   By better understanding the ins and outs, you can be more selective in choosing a Franchise business. The business offer that looks very tempting could be just a partnership offer that does not follow the Republic of Indonesia Government Regulations on Franchising.   So that you know, the use of the term Franchise that does not meet the above criteria may be subject to administrative sanctions in the form of recommendations for revocation of business permits and/or operational/commercial permits to issuing officials according to the…

Bogey-Business-The-Rough-Ride-of-Counterfeit-Clubs-and-Apparels-in-Indonesia-affa

Bogey Business: The Rough Ride of Counterfeit Clubs and Apparels in Indonesia

Indonesia, renowned for its breathtaking landscapes and intricate cultural tapestry, has recently seen an unwelcome trend infiltrating its golfing community: the proliferation of counterfeit golf clubs and apparel. As the sport’s popularity continues to surge in the archipelago, the market for cheaper alternatives has thrived. But this search for affordability might come at a greater cost, not only affecting the game’s quality but also influencing social perceptions within the golfing circle.   Unfortunately, counterfeit clubs and apparel are widely found both online and offline. Several Instagram pages in Indonesia have been educating consumers about the differences between the original products and the counterfeit ones.     1. Game Integrity at Risk Counterfeit golf clubs, often made of subpar materials and lacking in technological advancements, don’t perform at the same level as their genuine counterparts. Clubs are specifically engineered for precise weight distribution, flexibility, and balance. When one uses a counterfeit, they’re risking unpredictable ball trajectories, reduced shot distances, and less forgiving mishits.   This makes it extremely difficult for players to refine their skills and achieve consistency. Such inconsistencies not only frustrate players but can also lead to a lack of confidence in their abilities. For those unaware they are using counterfeit equipment, it may seem like their skills are at fault rather than the club.   2. Social Judgments on the Fairway In golf, much like other sports, there’s an unspoken code of conduct, respect, and a shared pursuit of authenticity. Using genuine equipment signifies a commitment to the game and its traditions. Therefore, when someone knowingly or unknowingly sports counterfeit gear, it can be met with skepticism and judgment from peers.   This judgment can manifest in various ways: silent side glances, hushed conversations at the clubhouse, or even outright confrontations on the course. Counterfeit apparel and clubs may unwittingly label a player as inauthentic or as someone who doesn’t value the true essence of the game.   3. Impact on Authentic Brands and Local Economy The spread of counterfeit products doesn’t only impact players and their social standing; it also affects genuine brands that invest heavily in research and development. These brands rely on sales to fund their innovation, and counterfeit sales undermine this. Furthermore, local retailers selling genuine products are undercut by these cheaper alternatives, leading to potential business closures and loss of employment.   4. Way Forward Addressing the issue requires a multi-faceted approach. First, awareness campaigns can educate players about the downsides of counterfeit equipment. Golf clubs and associations can also play a pivotal role by organizing equipment verification days or partnering with brands for authentic equipment promotions.   Moreover, stricter regulations and better enforcement can curb the import and sale of counterfeit golf products. Collaborative efforts between the government, industry stakeholders, and the golfing community can create a robust defense against this rising challenge.   In conclusion, while the allure of affordable golf clubs and apparel might seem tempting, the repercussions go beyond just an individual’s game. A collective effort is needed to preserve the integrity of the sport and maintain the respect and camaraderie that golfers share in Indonesia and around the world.   Should you require further information and assistance regarding IP infringements related to golf clubs and apparel in Indonesia, please get in touch with us at [email protected], [email protected], and [email protected]. Source: Instagram GOLFELLAS

在印度尼西亚申请工业设计时评估新颖性的四个重要条件-affa-global

在印度尼西亚申请工业设计时评估新颖性的四个重要条件

在不断发展的工业创新景观中,保护知识产权变得非常重要,它有助于培育创意并推动经济增长。在众多的知识产权制度中,工业设计在保护您的产品的美学和视觉方面起着重要的作用。在印尼,如同在许多国家一样,”新颖性”的要求是为设计师和创新者提供法律保护的基础。   本文将帮助您了解印度尼西亚工业设计的新颖性条件的重要性,以及它对设计师和商业人士的影响。   印尼工业设计的定义 根据《2000年第31号关于工业设计的法律》第1条,工业设计是关于形状、配置或线条或颜色的创作,或线条和颜色的组合,其形式为三维或二维,能够营造美感,并可以在三维或二维模式中实现,以及可以用于生产某种产品、商品、工业商品或手工艺品。总的来说,这部工业设计法为保护设计免受非法使用或复制提供了法律框架。   新颖性:工业设计保护的核心 工业设计保护的核心在于其新颖性要求。在印尼,为了满足保护要求,设计必须具有新颖性。在这里,新颖性意味着该设计在申请日期或优先权日期之前,从未在全球任何地方向公众公开。这一要求强调了设计的原创性,确保申请保护的设计为消费者带来不同的全新视觉感受。   重要条件 即使一个工业设计与其他设计相似,只要其差异能显著到赋予新设计独特的特性,它也可以被认为是新颖的。 工业设计的新颖性是全球性的。也就是说,一个在印尼新颖的设计如果在其他国家已经公之于众,那么它就不再被视为新颖。 如果工业设计在国内外向公众公开,其新颖性可能会丧失。这可以通过在国内或国际上的正式展览中发生。 如果工业设计由其所有者在教育、研究或开发目的的试验中向公众公开,其新颖性也可能会丧失。   然而,对于上述第3和第4点,存在一个6个月的宽限期,在这期间,工业设计可以向公众公开而不丧失其新颖性。这个宽限期旨在允许设计师在提交保护申请之前,从他们的目标市场获得关于他们设计的反馈。   如果您对印度尼西亚或其他国家的工业设计新颖性有其他问题,请随时通过电子邮件[email protected]与我们联系。我们的微信是 AFFA IPR. 来源: 《2000年第31号关于工业设计的法律》

The-4-Key-Factors-that-Determine-Industrial-Design-Novelty-in-Indonesia-affa-global

The 4 Key Factors that Determine Industrial Design Novelty in Indonesia

In the ever-evolving landscape of industrial innovation, protecting Intellectual Property Rights is paramount to fostering creativity and encouraging economic growth. Among the various forms of Intellectual Property, Industrial Design plays a crucial role in safeguarding the aesthetic and visual aspects of products. In Indonesia, as in many countries, Industrial Design novelty requirements serve as a foundation for granting legal protection to designers and innovators. This article delves into the significance of Industrial Design novelty requirements in Indonesia, exploring their implications for creators and businesses alike.   Industrial Design in Indonesia: A Brief Overview Industrial Design refers to an article’s ornamental or aesthetic aspect, encompassing its visual appearance and features. It is not concerned with the technical or functional aspects of the product. In Indonesia, Industrial Design protection is governed by Law No. 31 of 2000 concerning Industrial Designs. This legal framework provides creators with the means to protect their original designs from unauthorized use or reproduction.   Novelty Requirements: The Bedrock of Design Protection At the heart of Industrial Design protection lie the novelty requirements. In Indonesia, to qualify for protection, a design must meet the criterion of novelty. Novelty, in this context, means that the design has not been disclosed to the public anywhere in the world before the filing date or priority date of the application. This requirement emphasizes the originality of the design, ensuring that it brings a new and distinct visual impression to consumers.   The Key Factors An Industrial Design can be new even if it is similar to another design, as long as the differences are significant enough to give the new design an individual character. The novelty of an Industrial Design is assessed on a global basis. This means that a design that is new in Indonesia may not be new if it has been made available to the public in another country. The novelty of an Industrial Design can be lost if it is disclosed to the public through nationally and internationally recognized exhibitions. The novelty of an Industrial Design also can be lost if it is disclosed to the public by the owner in the framework of an experiment with the purpose of education, research, or development.   However, for points 3 and 4 above, there is a six-month (6-month) grace period during which an Industrial Design can be made available to the public without losing its novelty. This grace period is intended to allow designers to test the market for their designs before applying for protection.   If you have any questions about Industrial Design novelty in Indonesia or abroad, don’t hesitate to contact us at [email protected]. Sources: Law No. 31 of 2000 concerning Industrial Designs

Exploring-the-Intellectual-Property-Game-in-Basketball-affa

Exploring the Intellectual Property Game in Basketball

When we think of basketball, the first things that come to mind are slam dunks, crossovers, and buzzer-beating shots. But did you know that the world of basketball also involves its fair share of Intellectual Property? From iconic logos to innovative technologies, the game has its own unique IP game. Let’s take a jump shot into basketball and some of its Intellectual Property.        1. Trademark for Team Logos: Just like the game itself, team logos are integral to the identity of basketball teams. The LA Lakers’ iconic logo or the Chicago Bulls’ fierce emblem aren’t just symbols; they’re also protected Trademarks, ensuring their uniqueness and preventing unauthorized use.        2. Patents for Innovative Footwear: Basketball shoe technology has come a long way. From Air Jordan’s game-changing cushioning to Adidas’ Boost technology, Patents often protect these advancements. These Patents encourage innovation and safeguard the hard work of creating performance-enhancing gear.        3. Copyright for Broadcasts and Analytics Software: The exhilarating dunks and clutch plays would be the same with the broadcasters who capture the moment. These broadcasts are subject to Copyright, ensuring that the creative work involved in producing them is acknowledged and protected. The modern game is heavily influenced by data analytics and software. The algorithms and software tools used to analyze player performance and strategy are valuable Intellectual Property assets.   As we cheer for our favorite teams and players, remember the ‘behind-the-scenes game’ of Intellectual Property that contributes to the excitement on the court. From Trademarks to Patents and Copyrights, basketball is more than just a sport; it’s a field where innovation and creativity are valued and protected.   Should you require further information and assistance regarding Intellectual Property in sports, please get in touch with us at [email protected]. Source: World Intellectual Property Organization FIBA Basketball

印度尼西亚商标保护指南-affa-global

印度尼西亚商标保护指南

法律框架   国内法     在您所属的司法管辖区,主要的商标法律是什么?   2016年第20号法《商标和地理标志法》(以下简称“商标法”)是印度尼西亚的主要商标法。但是,印度尼西亚还有几部规范更多具体事项的细则,包括但不限于: 2019年第28号《关于适用于法律和人权部的非税国家收入的类型和收费标准的政府条例》。该条例规定了印度尼西亚共和国法律和人权部下属知识产权总局(DGIP)各种备案事项的官方收费标准; 2018年第22号《关于根据商标国际注册马德里协定相关议定书办理商标国际注册的政府条例》。该条例规定了在印度尼西亚办理国际注册或者来自印度尼西亚的商标办理国际注册的各方面事项; 2019年第90号《关于商标上诉委员会的上诉申请、审查与和解程序的政府条例(该委员会于1995年8月29日成立); 印度尼西亚共和国法律和人权部2016年第67号《知识产权总局局长商标注册令条例》。该部门条例主要规定了注册要求、商品和服务类别以及已颁发证书的更正、备案等事宜。   国际法     您所属的司法管辖区签署了哪些国际商标协定?   印度尼西亚批准了各种有关商标的协定,例如《商标国际注册马德里协定有关议定书》、《商标法条约》和《巴黎公约》。   监管机构     哪些政府机构对商标法进行监管?   印度尼西亚共和国法律和人权部下属的知识产权总局(以下简称“DGIP”)是负责保护包括商标在内的所有知识产权的相关机构。DGIP不仅监管和执行法律,还负责通过各种方式,如播客、YouTube视频、Instagram帖子和在印度尼西亚各地举办的研讨会,主动传播有关知识产权保护的重要性的信息。   注册和使用     商标所有权 谁可以申请注册? 由于《印度尼西亚商标法》采用先申请先注册原则,一般来说,任何个人、组织或公司都可以申请商标注册。然而,《商标法》也对恶意注册商标的行为作出了规定。《商标法》第21条第(3)款规定,申请人恶意提出申请的,应当予以驳回。虽然在实质审查过程中,如出现一些与知名商标相似的商标申请,适用本条规定,但在实践中,认定已提交的申请是否属于恶意申请难度很大。根据《商标法》第77条第(2)款,恶意商标申请获注册的,可由商事法庭宣告无效,该款规定如下:   “商标属恶意申请的,以及(或)相关商标违反国家意识形态、法律法规、道德、宗教、风俗和公共秩序的,可以无限期提起无效宣告诉讼。”       商标范围 什么可以作为商标予以保护和注册,而什么则不可以?  (请区分注册权利和普通法权利(如有),并注意服务标志、集体/证明商标或“非传统”商标(如声音、气味、外观设计等)是否也可以注册)。   根据《商标法》第1条中的定义,商标是指能够以图形、徽标、名称、文字、字母、数字、颜色组合、2(二)维和/或3(三)维形状、声音、全息图或上述两(2)种或两(2)种以上要素的组合等图形形式表现出来、用以区分个人或法人在商品和/或服务交易中生产的商品和/或服务的任何标志。 根据这一定义,法律承认两种类型的商标,即传统商标和非传统商标。       未注册商标 未经注册的商标能否确立商标权? 印度尼西亚是一个采用先申请先注册原则的司法管辖区。因此,在先使用本身不足以在该国确立权利。         外国著名商标 外国著名商标即使不在国内使用,也能得到保护吗?如果能的话,该外国商标在国内必须是著名商标吗?需要什么证明?提供什么保护? 无论是否为著名商标,只有在印度尼西亚注册的商标才可以受到保护。但是,《印度尼西亚商标法》有一个机制,可以在一定程度上保护外国著名商标免受其他当事人的恶意注册。另一方当事人恶意申请注册与外国著名商标相同或相似的商标的,可依《商标法》第21条第(1)款B和C项的规定予以驳回,具体规定如下:   “如果商标实质上与其他当事人在类似商品和/或服务上使用的知名商标相似或相同,或者,在符合一定要求的前提下,与其他当事人在不同商品和/或服务上使用的知名商标相似或相同,则申请将被驳回。”   于是,接下来的问题便是,什么是知名商标?印度尼西亚共和国法律和人权部2016年第67号《知识产权总局局长商标注册令条例》第18条规定了知名商标的认定标准,例如: a.该商标作为知名商标在相关业务领域的公众了解或认可程度; b.使用该商标的商品和/或服务的销售量,以及商标所有人使用该商标所获得的收益; c.带有该商标的商品和/或服务在社会流通中所占的市场份额; d.该商标的使用地域; e.该商标的使用期; f.该商标的推广力度,包括为推广该商标所投资的金额; g.该商标在全球范围内的商标申请和注册次数; h.商标执法的成功率,尤其是主管部门认可该商标为知名商标的成功率;以及 i.使用该商标的商品和/或服务获得的声誉和品质保证赋予该商标的价值。 然而,外国著名商标在印度尼西亚并不一定享有同样的知名度。这就产生了一个问题,即商标所有人在对其他人提起诉讼前是否应先在印度尼西尼建立起商标的知名度。       注册的好处 注册的好处是什么(例如,增加侵权救济、诉诸专门法院、法律推定、利用针对未经授权商品的边境执法机制)?   根据《商标法》中的定义,商标权是指国家授予注册商标所有人在一定期限内使用其商标或授权他人使用其商标的专有权利。因此,通过在印度尼西亚注册商标,注册商标所有人可以在另一方侵权的情况下确立其合法权利,其中包括但不限于要求发出电子商务商品列表撤除通知、发送警告函、就侵权的刑事方面提交警方报告、在商事法庭寻求损害赔偿、授予许可权、申请禁制令以及在印度尼西亚海关进行海关备案。       申请程序与文件 提交商标申请时需要哪些文件(如授权委托书、公司存续证明等)?对商标申请中的商标图样进行管辖的规则是什么?是否可以线上申请?申请前是否进行或要求进行商标搜索?如果是,适用什么程序,费用是多少?   强烈建议希望在印度尼西亚提交商标申请的任何人进行商标搜索。搜索报告将确定潜在的危险和障碍,帮助申请人成功完成注册流程。如果搜索报告没有发现任何问题,表明可以继续进行申请程序,申请人应准备好以下材料: 申请人姓名或名称 地址 商品和服务清单 拟申请注册的商标图样,可以以文字、标识或非传统标志的形式呈现。   提供上述信息后,我们将准备以下供客户签署的文件: 授权委托书 商标所有权声明   请注意,在印度尼西亚,商标注册申请自2019年起已全部转到线上申请。     办理时长和费用 获得商标注册通常需要多长时间,通常需要多少费用?注册何时正式生效?在哪些情况下,提交商标申请和获得注册的预计时间会延长、费用会增加?(对读者而言,了解与单一类别普通商标注册有关的平均总成本是多少可能是有用的。)   假如未遭到任何异议和临时驳回,那么从提交商标注册申请到获得注册号可能只需要14到16个月。这一时间比5年前要快得多,因为在5年前,即使是简单的注册也耗时2到3年。     分类系统 采用什么分类系统,该系统与国际分类系统在可申报的商品和服务方面有何不同?  是否接受一标多类申请?估计可节省多少费用?   印度尼西亚采用尼斯分类系统,但有一些变化,以适应在其他国家无法获得的某些当地商品/服务。一标多类申请是可接受的,但我们通常建议客户提交一标一类申请,因为如果官方开始针对一标多类申请中的一个类别进行审查,那么它也会影响到其他类别,而如果提交一标一类申请的话,办理注册手续的速度会更快。   通常,所有申请人都应当向马德里商品和服务经理(MGS)咨询有关在印度尼西亚可接受商品清单的事宜。  请注意,印度尼西亚的分类系统非常严格,如果在线上申请系统中查询不到某商品,则不能提交相应的商标申请。     审查程序 商标局在决定是否准予注册时遵循什么程序?是否审查申请与其他商标的潜在冲突?是否接受同意书以消除基于第三方商标的异议?申请人可否针对商标局的驳回意见进行答辩?   虽然印度尼西亚未公布正式的商标审查指南,但据了解,商标审查的主要依据是该国《商标法》中的三个非常重要的条款,即第20条、21和22条。第20条侧重于内在显著性,第21条侧重于与其他在先商标和知名商标的冲突,而第22条则侧重于在包含具有显著性的要素的情况下,在通用名称中加入额外的字样。   请记住,公布阶段的任何异议和/或反驳意见都将在实质审查期间予以考虑。自公告期满之日起30个工作日内无异议的,商标局将对申请进行实质审查。理论上,应在150个工作日内完成审查。然而,在实践中可能需要更长时间才能完成审查。如果审查人决定准予注册,则将发放一个注册号。   如果申请人收到临时驳回书,则《商标法》规定,申请人应自收到临时驳回书之日起30个工作日内作出答辩。如果答辩仍被驳回,则审查人将发出最终驳回书。   同意书并不总是有用,是否认可同意书将由主办审查人自行决定。     商标的使用和注册 是否必须在得到注册批准或注册号发放之前进行商标或服务标志使用声明?是否必须提交使用证明?准予注册的外国商标是否有任何优先权?如果在商标未经使用的情况下准予注册,是否存在必须开始使用的时间,以维持注册或以未使用为由驳回第三方异议?   由于印度尼西亚采用先申请先注册原则,因此在进行商标注册前无需作出在先使用声明。  申请人无需提交使用证据。   如果申请人在其他国家先提交了另一份申请,申请人可在自优先权日起算的6个月内要求在印度尼西亚享有优先权。   关于不使用的问题,依照法律规定,注册商标自注册之日起或自最后一次使用之日起连续三年未使用的,可以向商事法庭申请注销商标。然而,法律并未规定最低使用门槛,因此,不使用注销的实现难度很大。     标记 哪些文字或符号(如有)可用于表示商标的使用或注册? 标记是否具有强制性?使用这些文字或符号的优势是什么?不使用这些文字或符号的风险又是什么?   《印度尼西亚商标法》未就标记的使用作出规定。但是,任何人均不得以声称实际上并未注册的商标已注册的方式误导公众。     针对遭到驳回的申请提出上诉 如果申请遭到驳回,是否有上诉程序?(请添加关于行政上诉程序(例如,商标局内部进行复审)和司法上诉程序的内容。)   《商标法》允许申请人在其申请被临时驳回和最终驳回的情况下提出答辩。一旦申请被最终驳回,申请人可在收到驳回通知之日起90个工作日内向商标上诉委员会提出上诉。   该委员会须在上诉提交日期起3个月内发出驳回或接受上诉的决定。然而,实践中,这一过程需要3个月以上的时间。   如果商标上诉委员会驳回上诉,则申请人/上诉人可进一步向商事法庭提出上诉,但必须在自收到商标上诉委员会裁定之日起3个月内提出该进一步上诉。     第三方异议 是否针对异议公布申请?第三方可否在注册前对申请提出异议,或在注册后寻求注销商标或服务标志?这种异议的主要依据是什么,程序是什么?品牌所有者可否在其商标不受保护的司法管辖区内针对恶意申请注册其商标的行为提出异议?与第三方异议或注销程序相关的通常费用范围是多少   商标申请的公告期只有两个月。在公告期内,任何利益相关方都可以提出异议,公告部门将在实质审查阶段对异议予以审查。一旦公布期结束,就没有提出异议的正式手段,包括要求延期。   为了顺利办理异议程序,强烈建议异议方拿出有效的法律依据,即之前在印度尼西亚有过申请或注册。否则,审查人很可能以先申请先注册原则为由驳回异议。   任何第三方提出的无效宣告和注销申请只有在拟宣告无效或注销的商标已注册的情况下才可行。这两种申请都必须向商事法庭提出。     注册有效期与维持 注册有效期有多长?需要做些什么才能维持注册?维持商标是否需要使用商标?如果是,需要什么使用证明? 注册有效期为10年,对商标的保护自申请日起开始。每10年可续展一次有效期。续展申请可在注册有效期到期前6个月内提出,或在注册有效期到期后6个月内提出,但须缴纳额外的官方费用。   虽然续展注册不需要证明实际使用,但商标所有人必须签署商标使用声明。   放弃   放弃商标注册的程序是什么?   放弃商标的常见方法有两种,具体采用哪一种取决于具体情况。如果商标所有人就是想放弃申请或注册,其可以通过向DGIP请求撤销通知的方式主动撤销申请或注册。放弃申请或注册的另一种方式是将其转让给另一方。   相关知识产权   商标可否受其他知识产权(如版权、外观设计)保护? 有版权的商标和工业设计之间不存在权利重叠。事实上,《版权法》第65条明确禁止在以下情况下注册艺术品(特别是绘画作品)的版权:该艺术品被用作商品或服务贸易中的标识或区别标志,或作为某组织、商业实体或法律实体的象征。该法在经常上演版权和商标之间的拉锯战的多元化知识产权领域画出了一条清晰的界线。   然而,在实践中出现了一个有趣的悖论。很多当事人试图将准确的艺术表现形式注册为商标和版权,以获得双重保护,换句话说,试图“一箭双雕”获得过度保护。  这种做法利用了两种截然不同的保护之间暧昧的灰色地带,旨在为创造者多武装一层法律盔甲。他们试图通过这种做法绕过《版权法》第65条的精神,在印度尼西亚制造版权和商标保护制度之间的难解法律难题和一场不断升级的拉锯战。   过去,印度尼西亚版权局曾发出一些警告,指出如果发现已备案的版权有违反《版权法》第65条的情况,该局将单方面撤销这些版权。解决这一矛盾的办法是加强印度尼西亚知识产权局的执法力度,确保商标和版权之间的界限像艺术大师的笔触一样清晰。因此,《印度尼西亚版权法》第65条继续在艺术和商业用语方法提出挑战,迫使他们跳出思维的禁锢,而不是非法地对同一对象进行加倍保护。   在线商标和域名   管辖对在线商标和域名的保护的制度是什么?   《商标法》还就对在线商标的保护作出的规定。然而,域名在关于信息和电子交易的2008年第11号法律(2016年第19号法律对该法律进行了修订,以下简称《信息和电子交易法》)。“先申请先注册”原则同样适用于域名。这一点在对《信息和电子交易法》第23条第(1)款的解释中有说明,即以国家行政人员、人民、商业实体和/或公众地址或身份信息形式出现的域名的获得基于在先注册(先到先得)原则。这就是后续会导致很多争议的原因,因为这个域名在先注册原则的弱点在于商标注册局不会对注册服务商进行尽职调查。     许可与转让     许可证 可否在该司法管辖区内进行商标许可备案?如何操作?这样做有什么好处,不这样做有什么坏处?  许可协议中通常包含哪些条款(如质量控制条款)?   在印度尼西亚,根据与商标、专利、设计和版权相关的法律,对所有知识产权(IP)许可协议进行备案是一项法律义务,其目的是确保该等许可协议具有法律上的强制执行力,且对所有相关第三方具有约束力。根据法律,任何未备案的知识产权许可协议对所有相关第三方都不具有任何法律效力。尽管如此,这些协议仍然只对签约方具有约束力。最近,越来越多知识产权所有者要求进行知识产权许可协议备案,因为印度尼西亚国家标准化机构(SNI)和印度尼西亚食品药品管理局(BPOM)在颁发某些单独的许可证之前经常要求提供该等已备案的许可协议。   法律和人权部(MOLHR)下属的知识产权总局(DGIP)负责受理许可协议备案申请。2018年第36号《关于知识产权许可协议备案的政府条例(36/2018号政府条例)授权DGIP履行这一职能。虽然在36/2018号政府条例出台之前,对知识产权许可协议进行备案的做法实际上已存在多年,但是我们注意到,对于在2018年之前已提交多年的备案申请,DGIP在2018年后才开始发布许可协议备案通知。在此之前,很多办理了许可协议备案的人只是持有“备案申请收条”作为备案的证据。   总体而言,第36/2018号政府条例规定了知识产权许可协议备案的各种要求和程序,并规定了以下事项:   许可协议   备案程序   备案摘录   变更和撤销   照理说,知识产权持有人(“许可方”)有权向希望使用许可方专有权利的另一方(“被许可方”)授予许可证。此类许可证仅可根据印度尼西亚语书面协议授予。因此,以英语或其他语言签署的协议必须宣誓翻译成印度尼西亚语。此外,许可协议必须规定以下几点:   签署许可协议的地点和日期   许可方和被许可方详细信息,包括地址   商标许可的客体(商标注册号)   使用条款(排他性、非排他性、可否分许可)   许可协议的期限   许可区域   但是,请注意,许可协议的有效期不得超过许可知识产权的保护期。许可协议不得包含任何可能损害印度尼西亚经济活力或国家战略利益的条款。此外,许可协议不得为不公正商业竞争创造环境,也不应与印度尼西亚现有的法律框架相抵触。同样重要的是,许可协议不能违反宗教信仰、道德规范或公共秩序。   备案程序 申请人必须向法律和人权部部长正式提交用印度尼西亚语书写的备案申请,并随附以下文件:     经双方居住的相关国家的公证人公证的许可协议副本;   知识产权证书的官方摘录;   授权委托书(如由代理人代为申请)。值得注意的是,如果许可方和被许可方是外国人或在印度尼西亚境外居住,则必须通过代理人提交许可协议登记申请;   签署人的身份证/护照副本;   受许可协议约束的各方的公司成立契据;和   官方费用缴费证明(该等费用将由代理人代为缴纳)。     根据36/2018号政府条例,DGIP应在收到填写完整的申请后五个工作日内对该已提交的申请进行审核。如果申请内容不完整,DGIP将告知申请人,并给予申请人自通知之日起30个工作日的时间用于补全信息。然而,得益于DGIP的创新,即推出了商标申请自动审批系统(POP Merek),大多数知识产权许可协议备案通知都在一天内发出。     修改和撤销   已备案的知识产权许可协议可予以修改和撤销。修改知识产权许可协议时,修改内容仅限于许可方和/或被许可方的名称或许可协议的标的,以及其他信息(如相关方的地址、与许可的排他性有关的条款等)。   已备案的知识产权许可协议仅可在以下条件得到满足时撤销:   许可方和被许可方同意撤销该协议;   通过法院程序解决纠纷;或 2016年第8号《关于知识产权许可协议备案申请的注册条件和方法程序的部门条例》规定的其他条件。     转让 什么可以转让?(有商誉的商标?没有商誉的商标?所有或部分商品和服务?是否必须转让其他商业资产才能成为有效交易?)   商标申请或注册可以转让给另一方,但前提是必须在DGIP办理转让文书备案,以便具有完全约束力。转让范围应涵盖已转让商标所涵盖的所有商品/服务。除非双方另有约定,否则一般不要求将转让其他商业资产作为使商标转让有效的条件。     转让文件 转让需要什么文件,必须采用何种形式(如公证)?适用哪些程序?   双方应签署一份转让文书,随后将其公证、翻译成印度尼西亚语并提交给DGIP。此外,还需要提供授权委托书。未能对转让文书进行公证将导致程序性驳回。一旦正式拒绝发布,DGIP通常会给予双方2个月的时间来解决程序上的问题。     转让的有效性 为使转让有效,是否必须进行转让登记?   经签署的转让文书必须在DGIP办理登记才有效。     担保物权 担保物权是否得到认可,必须采用何种形式(如公证)?为了使担保物权有效或可强制执行,是否必须对担保物权进行登记?   理论上,各种知识产权都可以作为担保物权。但在实践中,对担保物权的登记暂不可行。     强制执行      商标强制执行程序 除了之前讨论过的异议和注销诉讼外,还有哪些类型的法律或行政程序可以强制执行商标所有人针对涉案侵权人或商标的淡化使用行为行使权利?是否有专门的法院或其他法庭?刑法中是否有关于商标侵权或同类犯罪的规定?   启动商标强制执行程序时,需要考虑几种方法。以向侵权人发出要求立即停止侵权行为的警告函为切入点始终是一种谨慎的做法。如果侵权人不遵守我们在警告函中提出的要求,那么商标所有人可以选择向DGIP的民事调查员和/或印度尼西亚警方对侵权人提起民事诉讼。   所有知识产权纠纷都属于商事法庭的管辖范围。除了宣告注册商标无效和注销注册商标外,任何拥有合法权利的一方还可以向商事法庭提起民事诉讼,即申请临时禁制令和寻求损害赔偿/救济。   《商标法》中有关于针对侵权行为进行处罚的规定,即以下条款:          第十八章     刑事条款 第100条 (1)任何人非法使用与进行类似商品和/或服务生产和/或交易的其他方注册商标相同的任何商标的,应处以最长五(5)年的监禁和/或最高Rp2,000,000,000.00(二十亿印尼盾)的罚款。 (2)任何人非法使用与进行类似商品和/或服务生产和/或交易的另一方注册商标基本相似的任何商标的,应处以最长四(4)年的监禁和/或最高Rp2,000,000,000.00(二十亿印尼盾)的罚款。 (3)任何人违反第(1)节和第(2)节规定,而且其商品造成健康危害、环境破坏和/或人员死亡的,应处以最长十(10)年的监禁和/或最高Rp5.000.000.000.00(五十亿印尼盾)的罚款。   第101条 (1)任何人在类似商品和/或产品或相同注册商品和/或产品上非法使用与其他方的地理标志相同的任何标志的,应处以最长(4)年的监禁和/或最高Rp2.000.000.000,00(二十亿印尼盾)的罚款。 (2)任何人在类似商品和/或产品或相同注册商品和/或产品上非法使用与另一方的地理标志基本相似的任何标志的,应处以最长四(4)年的监禁和/或最高Rp2.000.000.000,00(二十亿印尼盾)的罚款。   第102条 任何人明知或涉嫌明知其商品和/或服务和/或产品交易行为构成第100条和第101条中所述的犯罪行为仍实施该行为的,应处以最长1(一)年的监禁或最高Rp200.000.000,00(两亿印尼盾)的罚款。   第103条 第100条至第102条中所述的犯罪行为构成侵权罪。     诉讼形式和期限 侵权诉讼的形式是什么?(是否允许证据开示?现场直播证词?专家?谁来定案?诉讼程序通常持续多长时间?如果有刑事强制执行机制,那么该强制执行程序是什么?)   在印度尼西亚,民事诉讼以书面和口头辩论方式进行。法官将逐一听取每一方当事人的口头陈述,但在很大程度上会采信书面证据。事实证人也可以在法庭上提供口头证据。然而,仅有证人陈述或宣誓书是不够的,因为它仅被视为补充性书面证据。一般情况下,审理程序如下: 在法院传唤原告和被告后进行第一次庭审; 被告提交其对原告注销诉讼的答辩后进行第二次庭审; 原告准备针对被告诉讼答辩的答辩书; 原告提交答辩书后,进行第三次庭审; 被告提交其对原告答辩书的答辩后进行第四次庭审; 原告准备拟提交给法院的证据; 原告出席第五次庭审提交证据,之后由法院对被告证据进行审核; 根据原告和被告向法院提交的文件和证据,准备和提交案件结论; 提交案件结论时,进行第六次庭审; 进行第七次庭审,听取法官的裁决;和 法院发布裁决。   对于民事诉讼,理论上应在3个月内发布裁决。然而,在实践中,如果任何当事人要求延期,可能需要稍长的时间才能走完审理程序。     举证责任 证明侵权或商标淡化(或您所属的司法管辖区特定的任何其他相关主张)时,由谁承担举证责任?   在印度尼西亚民事诉讼程序中,与索赔所依据的事实有关的举证责任由原告承担。《印度尼西亚民法典》第1865条规定,任何人声称拥有某项权利或提及某一事实以支持该项权利,或反对另一方的权利的,必须证明存在该权利或该事实。证据可包括书面证据、证人提交的证据或通过推断、自首或宣誓提供的证据。根据我们的经验,谨慎的做法是尽可能多地收集各种证据材料,例如神秘顾客的购买行为、线上和线下发现的营销材料,以及可能提供与涉案侵权行为有关的实质性陈述的专家证人。此外,书面证据必须以印度尼西亚语提交,必要时由宣誓译员翻译。     资格 谁可以针对涉案商标违法行为寻求救济(商标所有人、被许可人等),需要符合什么条件?谁有资格提起刑事诉讼?   根据《商标法》第83条的规定,注册商标所有人和/或其被许可人可以以下列形式针对在类似商品和/或服务上非法使用与其商标相似或相同的商标的其他当事人提起诉讼:   a. 要求赔偿损失;和/或 b. 要求停止一切与商标使用有关的行为。   知名商标所有人也可以根据法院裁决提起诉讼。   当涉及到刑事诉讼时,最好是由商标所有人提起诉讼。但在某些情况下,经授权的被许可人也可以根据商标所有人的指示和授权提起刑事诉讼。     边境执法和境外活动 有哪些边境执法措施可以阻止侵权货物的进出口?发生在注册国以外的活动是否可以证明对侵权行为或商标淡化的指控?(提及与境外活动有关的任何重大或特殊管辖权问题。)   如果商标所有人在住所设在印度尼西亚的公司,则可以在海关办理商标备案。请查看下面的完整信息:   备案过程需要的时间: 30个工作日,但可能需要更长时间 海关批准办理商标备案后办理备案的期限: 1年,可延期 如果需要公证/认证,则请注明办理备案所需的文件  1.   与备案有关的授权委托书(简单签名)+ 与提交临时禁制令申请有关的授权委托书(须在印度尼西亚大使馆进行公证和认证) 2.   公司成立契约(Akta Pendirian Perusahaan) 3.   公司税务身份证(NPWP) 4.   公司注册许可证(SIUP/TDP) 5.   商标证书副本 6.   与产品正宗性有关的详细信息,包括出口商和进口商的名称、产品包装、分销路线、数量、营销细节、在印度尼西亚某些地区分销的产品数量。 7.   商标所有权声明 8.   说明商标所有人将就备案的所有法律后果承担责任的责任声明 9.   商标转让证明(前提是商标已转让) 10.   已获准出口或进口带有需要在海关备案的商标的商品的各方详细资料。 11.   印度尼西亚产品专家的详细资料。 请确认一旦发出临时扣押通知,我们进行鉴定需要多长时间。 仅限2天-因此,有印度尼西亚产品专家非常重要 请确认海关扣押通知中指出的扣押流程和处罚 请注意,商标持有人应当在印度尼西亚有注册经营地址。否则,目前无法在海关备案。假设备案已获批准,且海关已通知商标所有人,商标所有人只有2天的时间用于确认是否有意申请扣留货物10天(可延长一次)所需的临时禁制令。除此之外,商标所有人还需要支付至少1亿印尼盾的保证金。     关于保证金:   印度尼西亚有两部与海关备案有关的主要条例,即20/2017号政府条例和印度尼西亚财政部关于对涉嫌侵犯知识产权的进出口货物进行备案、扣押、担保、暂扣、监测和评估的40/PMK.04/2018号条例。   后者规定,知识产权所有者应以银行或保险公司担保的形式提供1亿印尼盾的保证金。一旦知识产权所有者在提供答复后4天内对海关关于港口货物滞留的通知作出答复,则应提供保证金。同时,如果知识产权所有人希望继续暂扣和检查货物,其应当在上述期限内向法院提出暂扣申请。   保证金将用于支付海关运作费用,并在货物不包含任何侵权货物的情况下,用于承担进口商/出口商索赔的费用。请注意,保证金的缴纳期限应当至少为60天。   如果商标所有人不符合在海关办理商标备案的最低要求,则可以随时向商事法庭申请禁制令,以暂时制止侵权活动。     证据开示 哪些证据开示或披露手段(如有)被允许用于从对方、第三方或国外当事方获取证据?(请纳入对采用证据开示/披露技术的难度或成本或其在审判中的作用等问题的讨论。)   请注意,印度尼西亚法律实践中没有证据开示程序,当事人无权要求提交文件。     期限 在临时禁制令(如有)和审判阶段以及上诉阶段,针对侵权行为或商标淡化进行追诉或提起相关诉讼的一般时效是多长?   请注意,根据法律,商事法庭必须在受理商标诉讼之日起90天内作出裁定。然而,对于刑事诉讼,这一过程可能耗时更长。如果文件齐备,有时会耗时三到九个月。   时效   提起侵权诉讼的时效是多长?   根据《印度尼西亚刑法》第78条,追诉权将随着时间的推移而失效: 1.对于所有轻罪和通过新闻媒体实施的罪行,诉讼时效为六年; 2.对于可判处罚金、拘留或三年以下监禁的罪行,诉讼时效为六年; 3.对于可判处三年以上临时监禁的所有罪行,诉讼时效为十二年; 4.对于可判处死刑或无期徒刑的所有罪行,诉讼时效为十八年。     上诉 有哪些上诉途径?   最高法院根据下级法院(即商事法庭)的判决为上诉提供便利。     抗辩 针对与侵权或商标淡化相关的指控或任何相关诉讼,可以进行哪些抗辩?   在面临侵权或商标淡化诉讼时,有几个问题需要考虑。最重要的一条是看原告是否从最后一次使用之日起或从注册之日起连续使用该商标3年。如果答案为“否”,那么我们可以提起不使用撤销诉讼作为反击措施。   然而,如果我们面临性质完全相同的公然侵权指控,那么最好寻求庭外和解,以避免受到商事法庭的顶格处罚。     救济 在侵权或商标淡化等诉讼中,胜诉方可以获得哪些救济?(金钱救济如何分割?是否可以获得临时或永久禁制令救济?在什么情况下可以获得,以及需要满足什么条件?)存在哪些刑事救济?   所有与知识产权资产有关的法律都允许被侵权人通过商事法庭寻求损害赔偿。然而,没有用于确定应判给的损害赔偿的已知公式。此类赔偿应根据民事或刑事法院的最终和有约束力的裁定给予。请注意,律师费应由接受委托律师法律服务的一方承担。因此,对于申请人或原告已支付的法律费用,将不可能向另一方追讨。   关于禁制令,《商标法》允许权利人申请临时禁制令,以阻止侵权物品的流通,以及扣留或收集该等物品,并避免更大的损失。临时禁制令可能有助于实现其预期目的,因为其可以限制在印度尼西亚海关进行商标备案的能力。为此,须将临时禁制令送达印度尼西亚海关,以阻止涉嫌侵权物品流入分销渠道。     替代争议解决方式(ADR) 是否有ADR?ADR是否常用且可强制执行?它的好处和风险是什么?   幸运的是,印度尼西亚在ADR方面有各种选择,而且这些选择是可强制执行的,并在实践中得到了证明。知识产权调解仲裁机构(Badan Arbitrase Mediasi Hak Kekayaan Intelektual/Bamhki)是该国的一个知识产权仲裁机构。除此之外,还有其他仲裁机构,如印度尼西亚国家仲裁机构(Badan Arbitrase Nasional Indonesia/BANI),可供选择。仲裁不仅是获得最终和有约束力的裁定的最佳选择,而且可以在短时间内解决纠纷。事实上,仲裁裁决必须在双方当事人自愿仲裁的情况下作出。但是,如果败诉方不愿执行仲裁裁决,仍可请求法院执行仲裁裁决。     最新动态和趋势   过去一年的主要发展   在您所属的司法管辖区,是否有商标侵权或商标淡化法律方面的任何新趋势、著名的法院裁决或热门话题? 印度尼西亚仍在美国贸易代表办公室301报告“重点观察名单”上。这是由几个因素造成的,即缺乏有效的执法和足够的边境措施。在印度尼西亚,知识产权(IP)方面的问题长期困扰着国际利益相关方,普遍存在的盗版和假冒现象是主要的问题。尽管存在相关法规,但对这些假冒商品的执法力度仍然不足,处罚力度较弱,无法阻止线下和线上的知识产权侵权行为。边境执法也效率低下,该国的版权法经常受到批评,有人呼吁进行修订,以解决未经授权规避技术保护措施等问题。此外,依然存在网络盗版、非法摄像、使用假冒设备和未经批准的软件的现象。虽然财政部于2018年制定了相关法规,以加强对假冒商品的边境执法力度,但其影响很小,因为外国权利人面临令人望而却步的当地住所和存款要求。此外,海关和货物税总局的执法能力因商标和版权数据库不足而受到阻碍,其扣留侵权货物的权力也受到限制。   当涉及到执法时,在其他司法管辖区行之有效的综合方法在印度尼西亚将不起作用。对这些问题的改进需要更多的时间,因此需要耐心。根据美国贸易代表办公室301号报告,印度尼西亚警方只进行了134起知识产权调查,其中被起诉的案件只有一起,相对于该国人口而言,这一数字很小。    打击网上侵权者也仍然是一个问题。一般情况下,权利人会发现大量假冒产品,其中一些产品被堂而皇之地贴上了品牌产品的“复制品”标签。一些电子商务网站制定了通知和下架流程,并对其防伪制度做了一些改进,但权利人继续推动网站投入更多重要资源来制定积极主动的防伪协议,并提高下架速度和下架程序的透明度。    权利人还对一些电子商务网站的“多次侵权者”政策表示不满,因此该政策规定,被同一品牌方举报侵权三次以上的卖家的商品“可能”被下架,而不是“将被”下架。权利人表示,该网站的“多次侵权者”政策和“重大侵权者”政策都要求品牌方耗费大量精力和资源来举报侵权行为,因此他们敦促该等网站改用关键词过滤等主动措施,以便自动删除假货列表。   尽管面临挑战,上述网站已经加大了打击假货的力度。2022年,Shopee为其新的品牌保护门户网站推出了一项试点计划,并新聘请了一位全球品牌保护总监,从而增加了与权利人的接触。Tokopedia则推出了其新的知识产权门户网站,以提高提交侵权通知和跟踪通知解决进度的便利性和效率。  此外,权利人注意到,Tokopedia已在卖家教育活动中投入资源,并采用了一些新技术,以加大对产品发布的主动监控力度,因为这种主动监控可以在向用户展示假货列表之前检测到假货列表并将其删除。Tokopedia还推出了“罚分”制度和累犯者加重处罚制度,以应对不断增长的假货需求和维护市场。     如需了解更多信息,请通过微信 AFFAIPR 或发送电子邮件至 [email protected] 与我们联系。

ASEAN-Launches-IP-Register-to-Boost-Intellectual-Property-Protection-affa-global

ASEAN Launches “IP Register” to Boost Intellectual Property Protection

The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) launched the ASEAN Intellectual Property (IP) Register on August 20, 2023, in Semarang, Indonesia. The IP Register is a one-stop technology developed by the ASEAN Intellectual Property Office to facilitate the exchange of data on Patents, Trademarks, Industrial Designs, and others that have already been registered.   The launch of the IP Register is part of a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) signed by ASEAN and WIPO in 2022. The MoU aims to expand cooperation between ASEAN and WIPO in specific areas through a future-focused and impact-driven approach. It also seeks to complement the ongoing partnership under the ASEAN Intellectual Property Rights Action Plan (AIPRAP) 2025.   The specific areas referred to in the MoU aim to meet the new and emerging needs of underrepresented stakeholders from the business and creative communities, such as small and medium enterprises (SMEs), startups, creators, and other IP-related parties.   The IP Register is expected to boost intellectual property protection in ASEAN by providing a single portal for stakeholders to conduct seamless Patent, Trademark, and Industrial Design searches. It will also help to facilitate the registration of IP Rights in ASEAN, which can help businesses and creators to protect their innovations and creations.   The launch of the IP Register is a significant milestone in ASEAN’s efforts to build a more conducive environment for innovation and creativity. It is also a testament to the strong partnership between ASEAN and WIPO in promoting Intellectual Property protection in the region.   Here are some of the benefits of the IP Register: Provides a single portal for stakeholders to conduct seamless Patent, Trademark, and Industrial Design searches. Helps to facilitate the registration of IP Rights in ASEAN. Help businesses and creators to protect their innovations and creations. Boost Intellectual Property Protection in ASEAN. Create a more conducive environment for innovation and creativity in the region.   The IP Register is a valuable tool for businesses, creators, and other stakeholders in ASEAN. It is expected to play a significant role in boosting Intellectual Property protection in the region and promoting innovation and creativity.   Should you require further information and assistance regarding IP Protection in Indonesia or abroad, please contact us at [email protected]. Sources: ASEAN.org Directorate General Intellectual Property

Similar-But-Not-The-Same-The-Difference-Between-Franchising-and-Licensing-in-Indonesia-affa-global

Similar But Not The Same – The Difference Between Franchising and Licensing in Indonesia

Franchising and Licensing are two popular business models that allow businesses to expand their reach and grow their profits without investing heavily in new infrastructure or resources. However, there are some critical differences between the two models, both in terms of how they work and how they are regulated by Indonesian law.   In a Franchise arrangement, the Franchisor grants the Franchisee the right to use its Brand, Trademarks, Intellectual Property, and Business Model in return for a fee. The Franchisee is then responsible for operating the business by the Franchisor’s standards. In a Licensing arrangement, the Licensor grants the Licensee the right to use its Intellectual Property (e.g., Trademarks, Patents, Industrial Designs, and Copyrights) in exchange for a fee and for a certain period. The Licensee is then responsible for developing and marketing its own business using the licensed Intellectual Property.   The Indonesian government regulates franchises through the Government Regulation No. 42 of 2007. This regulation sets out the requirements for Franchisors and Franchisees, including registering the franchise with the Ministry of Trade. The law also establishes restrictions on franchise arrangements, such as the requirement for franchisors to provide franchisees with specific information about the franchise business.   The legal basis governing franchising and licensing also differs. Franchise activities are regulated through Government Regulation No. 42 of 2007, strengthened by the Minister of Trade Regulation No. 71 of 2019. This regulation regulates the requirements for Franchisors and Franchisees, including regulations governing the registration of franchises with the Ministry of Trade, as well as specific information about the franchise business that must be provided from the Franchisor to the Franchisee.   In addition to the two legal bases above, other legal grounds related to franchising arrangements are Law No. 5 of 1999, concerning the Prohibition of Monopolistic Practices and Unfair Business Competition; Law No. 40 of 2007, concerning Limited Liability Companies and Franchise Agreements that bind the party.   Meanwhile, licenses more closely related to Intellectual Property are governed by Government Regulation No. 36 of 2018 concerning the Recordation of Intellectual Property License Agreements, which are derivatives of Article 41 paragraph (1) of Law Number 20 of 2016 concerning Trademark and Geographical Indications.    Now let’s dive into the terms of Franchising and Licensing:   FRANCHISE REQUIREMENTS By law, to conduct a franchise business in Indonesia the Franchisor will need to obtain the Franchisor’s STPW (permit registration) and Commitment Registration to the Ministry of Trade by registering the Franchise proposal documents and agreement draft. The Franchisee will need to do the same thing to obtain Franchisee’s STPW permit and Commitment Registration.   Required documents for Registration of Prospectus (Franchisor’s permits) of the Offered Franchise (to be filed by the Franchisor, notarized, and attested by the Indonesian Embassy) are as follows: Power of Attorney  Application Letter (STPW) Details of Franchisor Identity Copy of the ID card of the Directors/Owners of the Franchisor Copy of Business License of the Franchisor History of Business of the Franchisor Organisation Structure of the Franchisor (from Board of Commissionaires, Shareholders, Directors, up to its operational level) Audited Financial Statements for the last 2 years Number of outlets owned by the Franchisor List of current Franchisee Rights and Obligations of the Franchisor and Franchisee List of Composition and numbers of franchised goods used by the Franchisee List of Composition of required manpower Trademark registration certificates in Indonesia or filing receipt of the Trademark application in Indonesia. Copy of Franchise Agreement.   After the prospectus (Franchisor’s permits) has been registered in the Ministry, the franchisor can begin the franchisee’s agreement. The franchisee must also register the signed agreement.   Required Documents for Registration of Franchise Agreement (to be filed by the Franchisee): Power of Attorney (by the Franchisee) Application letter made by  Franchisee on the Franchisee’s company letterhead. Copy of the Prospectus of the offered Franchise; Copy of Article of Association of Franchisee’s company Copy of the Business Licenses of the Franchisee; Copy of the ID card of the Directors/owners of the Franchisee Copy of the Franchise Agreement and its Indonesian translation; Copy of Certificate of trademark registration. Composition and numbers of the employees (foreign and local staff) Composition and numbers of franchised goods used by the Franchisee   The documents above must be translated into the Indonesian language.   LICENSE AGREEMENT RECORDATION REQUIREMENTS Required documents for recordal of Trademark license agreement: Executed License Agreement duly notarized by Notary Public in the relevant country Copy of the trademark registration certificate Power of Attorney (simply signed) Identity of the signors Deed of Incorporation of the parties (if any)   The followings have to be included in the license agreement: Place & Date of the letter signing Details of the parties including the address Object of trademark license (trademark registration no.) Terms of use (exclusive, non-exclusive, sub-licensable, or not) Duration Territory   For more information about IP License Agreement in Indonesia, you can read our previous articles here: Indonesia’s IP Odyssey: Unraveling the Ins and Outs of IP License Agreement Recordal   From the description above, if you already have a business with a proven and duplicable business model for at least two years, you can try running a franchise business as a Franchisor. On the other hand, if you want to start running a company from a proven business, you can become a Franchisee.   However, you can run a Licensing business if you are an IP owner who can provide freedom in IP management, including marketing strategies, as a Licensor. On the other hand, for those of you who have a lot of creative ideas to run a business from an IP you don’t own, you can apply for a license from the IP owner, and act as a Licensee. Should you require further information and assistance regarding Franchise & IP Licensing in Indonesia, please contact us at [email protected].   Source: Government Regulation No. 42 of 2007 concerning Franchising Minister of Trade Regulation No. 71 of 2019 concerning The Implementation of Franchise Law No. 20 of…